【文章內(nèi)容簡介】
y determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a , it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on oute. Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including gather all the data they can, not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we monly call talent is highly , put another way, expert performers— whether in memory or surgery, ballet or puter programming— are nearly always made, not born. 21. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to [ A] stress the importance of professional training. [ B] spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup. [ C] introduce the topic of what makes expert performance. [ D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others. 22. The word “mania” (Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means [ A] fun.[ B] craze.[ C] hysteria.[ D] excitement. 23. According to Ericsson, good memory [ A] depends on meaningful processing of information. [ B] results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises. [ C] is determined by geic rather than psychological factors. [ D] requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration. 24. Ericsson and his colleagues believe that [ A] talent is a dominating factor for professional success. [ B] biographical data provide the key to excellent performance. [ C] the role of talent tends to be overlooked. [ D] high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture. 25. Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to convey? [ A] “Faith will move mountains.” [ B] “One reaps what one sows.” [ C] “Practice makes perfect.” [ D] “Like father, like son.” 注: 年真題( 1994年 — 2022 年)中出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)。 “① 、 ②” 等數(shù)字表示該單詞同一詞性的不同詞義。 《考研英語詞匯真題詞頻語境記憶》精讀版中本書單詞均配有真題例句。 ability15[ E5biliti] n.① 能力,智能; ② 才能,才干 account 22[ E5kaunt] n.① 賬(目,戶); ② 敘述,說明; ③ 價(jià)值,地位; v.( for) ① 說明,解釋; ② 占; ③ ( take into )考慮;顧及 achieve12[ E5tFi:v] v.① 完成,實(shí)現(xiàn); ② 達(dá)到,達(dá)成,獲得 act11[ Akt] v.① 行動(dòng),做事; ② ( on)起作用; ③ 表演; ④ ( for)代表,代替; n.① 行為,動(dòng)作; ② (一)幕; ③ 法令,條例 annual5[ 5AnjuEl] ,年度的; ,年鑒 ballet1[ 5bAlei] ,芭蕾舞劇,芭蕾舞樂曲 capacity8[ kE5pAsiti] n.① 容量,容積; ② 能量,能力; ③ 接受力; ④ 生產(chǎn)力 certificate2[ sE5tifikit] (明)書,執(zhí)照 cognitive1[ 5kCgnitiv] ,認(rèn)識的,有感知的 colleague4[ 5kCli:g] ,同僚 conceive2[ kEn5si:v] v.① ( of)設(shè)想,構(gòu)思,想像; ② 以為; ③ 懷胎,懷有 concentrate3[ 5kCnsentreit] v.① ( on)集中,專心; ② 濃縮; conclude5[ kEn5klu:d] v.① 結(jié)束,終結(jié); ② 斷定,下結(jié)論; ③ 締結(jié),議定 conduct7[ 5kCndQkt] n.① 行為,舉動(dòng),品行; ② 引導(dǎo),經(jīng)營,實(shí)施,處理; v.① 引導(dǎo),帶領(lǐng); ② 處理,管理; ③ 指揮(樂隊(duì)); ④ 傳導(dǎo),傳(熱,電等) confer2[ kEn5fE:] v.① 商談,商議; ② 授予 ,賦予 convey3[ kEn5vei] v.① 運(yùn)送,搬運(yùn),轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn); ② 傳達(dá),傳播 data22[ 5deitE] n.( datum 的復(fù)數(shù))資料,數(shù)據(jù) deliberate2[ di5libEreit] ,故意的 depend16[ di5pend] v.( on)取決于,依靠,信賴,相信 detail7[ 5di:teil] ,詳情; dominate3[ 5dCmineit] v.① 支配,統(tǒng)治,控制; ② 占優(yōu)勢 elite4[ ei5li:t] n.① [總稱]上層人士,掌權(quán)人物,實(shí)力集團(tuán); ② 出類拔萃 的人(集團(tuán)),精英 engineering1[ 7endVi5niEriN] entail2[ in5teil] vt.① 需要,伴隨; ② 限定繼承 excitement2[ ik5saitmEnt] ,激動(dòng) exhibit2[ ig5zibit] ,陳列 experiment11[ iks5perimEnt] ; v.( on)做實(shí)驗(yàn) expert14[ 5ekspE:t] ,能手; a.① 熟練的,有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的; ② 專門的,專家的 factor12[ 5fAktE] ,要素 feedback1[ 5fi:dbAk] geic2[ dVi5ik] ,起源的 immediate6[ i5mi:djEt] a.① 立即的,即時(shí)的; ② 直接的,最接近的 importance10[ im5pC:tEns] ,重要性 information44[ 7infE5meiFEn] n.① 通知,報(bào)告; ② 情報(bào),信息 involve20[ in5vClv] v.① 卷入,陷入,連累; ② 包含,含有,涉及 laboratory3[ lE5bCrEtEri] lead21[ li:d] v.① 領(lǐng)導(dǎo),引導(dǎo); ② 領(lǐng)先,占首位; ③ ( to)通向,導(dǎo)致,引起; ④ 經(jīng)驗(yàn),過(生活); ,引導(dǎo); means32[ mi:nz] ,手段 nuclear3[ 5nju:kliE] a.① 核心的,中心的; ② 原子核的,核能的 nurture1[ 5nE:tFE] ,教育,教養(yǎng),營養(yǎng)品; ,給與營養(yǎng)物,教養(yǎng) obtain11[ Eb5tein] ,得到 opportunity11[ 7CpE5tju:niti] oute4[ 5autkQm] ,成果 overlook3[ 7EuvE5luk] v.① 看漏,忽略; ② 俯瞰,眺望; ③ 寬容,放任 oxygen3[ 5CksidVEn] paragraph66[ 5pArEgrB:f] n.① 段,節(jié); ② 小新聞,短評 peak1[ pi:k] n.① 山頂,最高點(diǎn); ② 峰,山峰; ,最高的 perfect5[ 5pE:fikt] a.① 完善的,無瑕的; ② 完全的,十足的; ,改進(jìn) performance5[ pE5fC:mEns] n.① 履行,執(zhí)行; ② 表演,演出; ③ 性能,特性; ④ 表現(xiàn) phenomenon9[ fi5nCminEn] n.[ ] 現(xiàn)象 process34[ prE5ses] n.① 過程,進(jìn)程; ② 工序,制作法; ③ 工藝; ,處理 professional15[ prE5feFEnl] ,專業(yè)的,專門的; ,專業(yè)人員 psychology7[ sai5kClEdVi] ,心理 pursuit6[ pE5sju:t] n.① 追趕,追求; ② 職業(yè),工作 random3[ 5rAndEm] ,隨意的; ,隨意 range6[ reindV] n.① 范圍,距離,領(lǐng)域; ② 排列,連續(xù); ③ (山)脈; ④ 爐灶; 行 rank2[ rANk] n.① 軍銜,社會(huì)階層; ② 排,橫列; v.① 分等級,把 ? 分類; ② 排列 reap1[ ri:p] ,收獲 recall3[ ri5kC:l] v.① 回憶,回想; ② 撤消,收回 result37[ ri5zQlt] ,成果,成績; v.① ( in)導(dǎo)致,結(jié)果是; ② ( from)起因于,因 ? 而造成 role22[ rEul] n.① 角色; ② 作用,任務(wù) series5[ 5siEri:z] n.① 一系列,連續(xù); ② 叢書 setting6[ 5setiN] n.① 安置,安裝; ② 落山; ③ (固定東西的)柜架底座; ④ 環(huán)境,背景 soccer4[ 5sCkE] sow2[ sEu] span4[ spAn] ,跨距 specific12[ spi5sifik] a.① 明確的,具體的; ② 特定的,特有的 startle2[ 5stB:tl] ,使吃驚 stress9[ stres] n.① 壓力,應(yīng)力; ② 重音; ,著重 subject13[ 5sQbdVikt] n.① 主題,題目; ② 學(xué)科,科目; ③ 主語; a.( to)易遭 ? 的,受 ?支配的; v.( to)使遭到,使服從 superior1[ sju:5piEriE] a.① 優(yōu)良的,卓越的; ② ( to)較 ? 多的,優(yōu)于 ? ; ,長官 surgery3[ 5sE:dVEri] n.① 外科,外科學(xué); ② 手術(shù)室,診療室 swamp1[ swCmp] ,沼地 switch4[ switF] n.① 開關(guān); ② 轉(zhuǎn)換; ,轉(zhuǎn)移 talent2[ 5tAlEnt] n.① 才能,天資; ② 人才 tend26[ tend] v.① 趨向,往往是; ② 照料,看護(hù) topic3[ 5tCpik] ,主題,題目 trait3[ treit] ,特點(diǎn),特性 word36[ wE:d] n.① 詞,單詞; ② [常 pl.]話; ③ 消息,傳說; ④ 諾言,保證; 表達(dá) according47[ E5kC:diN] ,根據(jù) assertion2[ E5sE:FEn] ,斷言,聲明 astrological1[ 9AstrE5lCdVikl] ,