【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 用數(shù)據(jù)來支持問題描述 ? Describe symptom / effect of the issue 描述問題的癥狀 /影響 ? Avoid jumping to conclusion of cause 避免跳至總結(jié)原因 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 17 8 Disciplines of Problem Solving 解決問題的 8項紀律 D1 Form the Team 建立團隊 D2 Describe the Issue描述問題 D3 Containment Activities臨時控制措施 D4 Find and Verify Root Cause查找并確定根本原因 D5 Select the Best Solution選擇最佳解決方案 D6 Verification of Corrective Action糾正措施驗證 D7 Prevent Recurrence預(yù)防問題重復(fù)發(fā)生 D8 Congratulate the Team祝賀團隊 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 18 D3 Containment Actions 臨時控制措施 ? Determine if Containment is Needed 確定是否需要臨時控制措施 ? IF YES 如果是 – Define action(s)確定措施 – Assign responsibility明確責(zé)任 – Implement實施 – Document記錄存檔 – Monitor監(jiān)督 – Establish exit criteria 確定完成標準 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 19 D3 Containment Actions 臨時控制措施 ? IF NO 如果不是 – Document reasons why containment action(s) are not required 記錄不需要臨時控制措施的原因 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 20 D3 Containment Action(s) 臨時控制措施 CAUTIONS注意 ! ! ! ? Ensure customer protection 確保保護客戶的利益 ? Determine and document criteria for begin / exit containment actions 確定并紀錄控制措施開始 /完成的標準 ? Communicate to key process owners 和主要過程當事人作好溝通 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 21 8 Disciplines of Problem Solving 解決問題的 8項紀律 D1 Form the Team 建立團隊 D2 Describe the Issue描述問題 D3 Containment Activities臨時控制措施 D4 Find and Verify Root Cause查找并確定根本原因 D5 Select the Best Solution選擇最佳解決方案 D6 Verification of Corrective Action糾正措施驗證 D7 Prevent Recurrence預(yù)防問題重復(fù)發(fā)生 D8 Congratulate the Team祝賀團隊 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 22 D4 Find and Verify Root Cause查找并確定根本原因 ? Brainstorm for Potential Causes 集思廣益查找潛在原因 – Free Wheeling 言所預(yù)言 ? Use Flip Charts用白板紙 – Round Robin輪流發(fā)言 – Sticky Notes便簽紙 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 23 D4 Find and Verify Root Cause 查找并確定根本原因 ? Brainstorming rules 集思廣益的規(guī)則 – Avoid Criticism 避免批評 – Wele Exaggeration 歡迎夸張 ? Wilder / Better 越夸張 /越好 – Solicit Quantity 講求數(shù)量 ? As Many As Possible越多越好 – Encourage Building on Other Ideas 鼓勵在別的想法上擴展 – Stimulate Participation 刺激參與 – One idear per person per turn 每人每次發(fā)言講一條建議 – Round robin 輪流依次發(fā)言 – Record All Ideas 記錄所有的建議 – Discussion Comes Later 事后再進行討論 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 24 D4 Find and Verify Root Cause 查找并確定根本原因 ? Consider 考慮 – What was happening 發(fā)生了什么事 – What was ―normal‖ 正常應(yīng)是怎樣 – What changed 什么發(fā)生了變化 – What started 什么開始了 – What stopped什么停止了 ? VERIFY 確定 – Can the problem be turned ―on‖ and ―off‖ 問題是否可“停”，可“顯” ? Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 25 D4 Find and Verify Root Cause查找并確定根本原因 ? Tools To Use 可用工具 – Five Why’s 五個為什么 – Fishbone / Cause amp。 Effect 魚骨法 /因果法 – Data Analysis數(shù)據(jù)分析 – Scatter Diagram散布圖 – Design of Experiment Tools 試驗工具設(shè)計 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 26 D4 Root Cause 根本原因 CAUTIONS 注意 ! ! ! ? Don’t jump to conclusions 不要跳至結(jié)論 ? Do not stop the 8D process because Containment Actions have reduced the pain 不要因為臨時控制措施緩解了疼痛而停止 8D程序 ? Don’t react only to the symptoms go to the cause 不要僅針對癥狀進行反應(yīng) , 要針對原因 Tenneco Automotive 8D/2022 27 8 Disciplines of Problem Solving 解決問題的 8項紀律 D1 Form the Team 建立團隊 D2 Describe the Issue描述問題