【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 the inter search engine that has grown into a corporate giant, began operations in China on January 25th. Though critics suggest it has betrayed its own motto ―don39。t be evil‖ by agreeing to censor certain sites, Google maintains it will do more good than harm 已經(jīng)成為公司巨人的國(guó)際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)搜索引擎 —— Google， 1 月 25 日啟動(dòng)了在中國(guó)的業(yè)務(wù)。盡管評(píng)論家認(rèn)為， Google 違背了自己的箴言 —— “別干壞事”，因?yàn)樗鈱?duì)一些特定的站點(diǎn)進(jìn)行審查，但 Google 公司堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為這樣一來(lái)將利大于弊。 IN 2022 humanrights activists in China crowed that a littleknown search engine called Google was the most important tool ever created to skirt state censors. Users could retrieve content that Beijing banned by clicking to call up a ―cached‖ copy of the web page, stored by Google. Soon, however, Google itself was being sporadically blocked. The firm was instructed to deactivate that particular feature, and for a short time its web address was even rerouted by Chinese work operators to the website of a local rival. 2022 年，一種鮮為人知的、名叫 Google 的搜索引擎成為那時(shí)被用來(lái)避開(kāi)國(guó)家審查的最重要工具。中國(guó)人權(quán)激進(jìn)分子為此而幸災(zāi)樂(lè)禍。用戶(hù)可以通過(guò)點(diǎn)擊打開(kāi)由 Google 存儲(chǔ)的“緩沖存儲(chǔ)”網(wǎng)頁(yè)備份，從而重新 獲得被政府封殺的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。不過(guò)， Google 公司自己很快也被不定期關(guān)閉。該公司接到通知，要求它取消那種特定功能，并且中國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)者甚至曾一度將該公司的網(wǎng)址鏈接改到一家中國(guó)本地搜索引擎（ google 的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手）上。 The continual catandmouse game ended this week when Google, now a corporate giant, entered the dragon‘s den. On January 25th the search engine ―‖ began operations. It is a first step towards beefing up the pany‘s local presence, which will also mean placing puterservers in the country. This will speed up service for mainland users, who otherwise must perate the great firewall of China, which dramatically slows down access to . 本周，當(dāng)現(xiàn)已成為公司巨人的 Google 進(jìn)入了“中國(guó)龍?zhí)丁?，長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)的貓捉老鼠游戲也就結(jié)束了。 1 月 25 日，中文搜索引擎“ ”開(kāi)始運(yùn)行。這是公司為加強(qiáng)本地化實(shí)力所邁出的第一步，也意味著公司即將把計(jì)算機(jī)服務(wù)器放到中國(guó)了，如此一來(lái)可以加快為中國(guó)大陸用戶(hù)的服務(wù)速度，此外也必然會(huì)穿越中國(guó)巨大的防火墻 —— 這面防火墻大大減慢了用戶(hù)登錄 Google 的速度。 Having local infrastructure gives an advantage to Google‘s searchengine rivals, such as China‘s (which enjoys around 40% of the Chinese search market, pared with Google‘s 30%), and Yahoo! and Microsoft‘s MSN, which have local Chinese operations. China‘s inter market, with more than 100m users, is one of the fastestgrowing and most lucrative in the world. Can Google—with its motto ―don‘t be evil‖—do business in China without betraying its soul? 中國(guó)地方政府部門(mén)傾向于支持 Google 在搜索引擎方面的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，比如中國(guó)百度（大約占中國(guó)搜索業(yè)市場(chǎng)的 40%份額，而 Google 為 30%），以及在中國(guó)內(nèi)地都有業(yè)務(wù)的雅虎、微軟的 MSN。擁有 1 億用戶(hù)的中國(guó)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)市場(chǎng)是全球發(fā)展最快、最富利潤(rùn)的市場(chǎng)之一。以“別干壞事”自誡的 Google 公司，用不著自食其言，能在中國(guó)做成生意嗎？ The pany is making a concerted effort to do just that. It has reached an agreement with the Chinese authorities that allows it to disclose to users, at the bottom of a list of search results, whether information has been withheld. This is similar to what the pany does in other countries where it faces content restrictions, such as France and Germany (where Nazi sites are banned), and America (where it removes material that is suspected of copyright infringement). Although the disclosure is more prominent on these western sites, putting such a message on its Chinese site is an important step towards transparency and, furthermore, is something its rivals do not do. Google 公司正齊心協(xié)力，就是為了“自食其言”。他們已經(jīng)與中國(guó)政府達(dá)成共識(shí)，允許其搜索結(jié)果列表底部信息向用戶(hù)開(kāi)放，無(wú)論是否屬于禁止范圍。這類(lèi)似于該公司在其他一些同樣面臨內(nèi)容限制的國(guó)家中的做法，比如法國(guó)和德國(guó)（禁止納粹站點(diǎn)）以及美國(guó)（疑似侵犯版權(quán)的有關(guān)材料將被刪除）。盡管在這些西方國(guó)家信息公開(kāi)化要更為突出，但在 Google中國(guó)站點(diǎn)上出現(xiàn)這一訊息是其向透明化邁出的重要一步，更為甚者，這也是某種其中國(guó)對(duì)手無(wú)法辦到的事情。 Furthermore, Google is tiptoeing into the country with only a handful of services. It is not offering , blogging or socialworking services, because it worries that it will not be able to ensure users‘ privacy. It wishes to avoid the situation in which MSN and Yahoo! find themselves, whereby they are forced to obey the Chinese government‘s orders in censoring content and revealing users‘ identities. Rather than be placed in a position where it may have to promise its values, Google instead is narrowing what it offers (although its news service will contain only governmentapproved media sources). 而且， Google 只須提供很有限的服務(wù)，就悄悄地進(jìn)入了中國(guó)市場(chǎng)。由于擔(dān)心無(wú)法確?？梢员Ｗo(hù)用戶(hù)隱私，該公司并不提供電子郵件、博客以及社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)。 Google 公司希望自己不會(huì)落入 MSN 和雅虎如今的境地 —— 這兩家公司不得不遵守中國(guó)政府關(guān)于內(nèi)容審查和泄露用戶(hù)身份方面的規(guī)定。 Google 公司目前的處境并不損及其自身利益，相反還縮減了支出費(fèi)用（雖然其提供的新聞服務(wù)內(nèi)容來(lái)源僅限于政 府認(rèn)可的新聞媒體）。 Google believes that entering China, even with restraints on content, lets it offer more information than if it remained outside. Yet the decision es as American inter firms such as Yahoo! and MSN duck criticism that they are plicit with the Chinese authorities. Google 相信，進(jìn)入中國(guó)，無(wú)論諸多內(nèi)容限制，仍令其能提供比以往更多的信息。不過(guò)，當(dāng)雅虎、 MSN 這些美國(guó)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司紛紛回避那些指責(zé)他們與中國(guó)政府串通一氣的言論時(shí)， Google 公司終于下了決心。 Meanwhile in America For Google, taking the higher road happens to also be a way to differentiate its service. This month America‘s Department of Justice went to court to force Google to ply with a subpoena seeking more than 1m web addresses and a weeks‘ worth of all users‘ searches (down from an original demand of every web address it holds and two months of searches), albeit without any information that would identify individual users. The government wants the data in order to examine the effectiveness of software filters to block pornography, for a case involving a law prohibiting the content, which the Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional. 美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)反響 對(duì)于 Google 而言，向更高目標(biāo)進(jìn)發(fā)恰好也是一種讓服務(wù)多樣化的途徑。 1 月，美國(guó)司法部通過(guò)法庭勒令 Google 公司履行之前法院發(fā)出的傳票，提供一百多萬(wàn)個(gè)網(wǎng)址以及所有用戶(hù)數(shù)周的使用搜索引擎記錄（亦即??和兩個(gè)月的搜索情況），不過(guò)不需要確認(rèn)個(gè)人用戶(hù)身份的相關(guān)信息。美政府之所以要這些數(shù)據(jù)，是想要檢驗(yàn)一下打擊網(wǎng)絡(luò)色情的軟件濾過(guò)性能， The government requested, and received, information from Yahoo!, MSN and AOL—all of which initially stonewalled about whether they disclosed the data. Yet Google resisted, arguing that ―acceding to the request would suggest it is willing to reveal information about those who use its services. This is not a perception that Google can accept.‖ The day the subpoena was made public, Google‘s shares dropped almost 9%, its largest singleday decline since it began trading in 2022. 美政府要求并業(yè)已收到了來(lái)自雅虎、 MSN 以及 AOL 提交的材料，這些公司起初對(duì)是否公布有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)有些舉棋不定。不過(guò)， Google 公司最終還是予以了拒絕，并稱(chēng)“誰(shuí)要是同意按要求去做，