心臟血管系統(tǒng)ppt課件(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-01 09:34 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ior and posterior with missural cusps between them (posteromedial and anterolateral missures) ? Similar structures to those of right Similar functions for right and left atriventricular valves ? Open during diastole to allow blood to enter ventricles from atria ? Closed during systole to prevent regurgitation of blood into atria Valve of pulmonary trunk 肺動脈瓣 ? Guards the orifice of pulmonary trunk ? Has three semilunar cusps – each with free border that has central nodules of semilunar valve 半月瓣小結(jié) Aorti vavle 主動脈瓣 ? Guards the aortic orifice ? Three semilunar cusps (right, left and post) ? Three aortic sinuses – bulges in aortic wall at level of valve that correspond to cusps ? Right－ contains opening of right coronary artery ? Left－ contains opening of left coronary artery ? Posterior－ no opening Similar functions for pulmonary and aortic valves ? Opening during systole, with cusps pressed toward wall of vessel as blood is forced upward ? Closed during diastole ? Ventricular pressure drops in diastole ? Floating together of valve cusps, with free borders meeting, thus closing the valve Structure of the heart Walls of heart ? Endocardium心內(nèi)膜 －inner coat of the heart wall, and continuous with the valve flaps ? Myocardium 心肌 ? Arranged spirally ? Attached to fibrous rings surrouding the four orifices of heart ? Epicardium 心外膜 －serous membrane (visceral pericardium) Interatrial septum 房間隔 ? Located between right and left atria ? Contains fossa ovalis and limbus Interventricular septum 室間隔 ? Located between right and left ventricles ? Has upper membranous part ? Has thick lower muscular part Fibrous skeleton 纖維骨骼 ? Fibrous rings that surround the atrioventricular, pulmonary, and aortic orifices ? Left and right fibrous trigons Conduction system of heart心傳導(dǎo)系 ? Consists of specialized myocardial cells Sinuatrial node 竇房結(jié)(SA node) ? Called the pacemaker cell (P cell) ? Located at the junction of right atrium and superior vena cava, upper part of the sulcus terminalis, under the epicardium Atrioventricular node 房室結(jié) (AV node) ? Located in the lower part of interatrial septum just above the orifice of coronary sinus, under the endocardium ? Lower part related to membranous part of interventricular septum Atrioventricular bundle 房室束 (AV bundle) ? Passes forward through right fibrous trigon to reach inferior border of membranous part ? Divides into right and left bundle branches at upper border of muscular part of interventricular septum Right and left bundle branches 左、右束支 ? Right bundle branch－ passes down on right side of interventricular septum to reach the septomarginal trabecular and into the base of anterior papillary muscle. Here it bees continuous with the fibers of Purkinje fibres ? Left bundle branch－ passes down on left side of interventricular septum beneath the endocardium. It usually divides into two branches, which eventually bee continuous with the Purkinje fibers Purkinje fibers 普肯野氏纖維 － continuous with myocardium Arterial supply Left coronary artery 左冠狀動脈 ? Arises from left aortic sinus
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