【文章內容簡介】 .................................... 109 錨噴混凝土噴層厚度不足 ................................................................. 110 墻背回填不實 ..................................................................................... 111 3 橋梁工程 ................................................................................................................ 112 明挖地基 ....................................................................................................... 112 基坑 ..................................................................................................... 112 放坡開挖塌方 ........................................................................... 112 基坑超挖、基底擾動 ............................................................... 114 基坑泡水 ................................................................................... 115 基坑底出現橡皮土 ................................................................... 116 基坑底出現冒水、流砂 ........................................................... 117 基坑底土體隆起 ....................................................................... 118 基坑底突涌 ............................................................................... 119 基坑底部地質情況與設計不符 ............................................... 119 基坑支護 ............................................................................................. 120 支撐安裝不及時 ....................................................................... 120 支撐與圍檁面不垂直 ............................................................... 121 支撐直線度差 ........................................................................... 122 支撐間距過大、節(jié)點質量不合格 ........................................... 123 支撐不水平 .............................................................................. 123 支護 結構與圍檁不密貼 ........................................................... 124 支護結構滲漏水 ....................................................................... 125 懸臂式排樁嵌固深度不足 ...................................................... 126 鋼支撐失穩(wěn) .............................................................................. 127 鋼管支撐彎曲破壞 ................................................................. 127 鋼板樁樁身轉動 ..................................................................... 128 鋼板樁發(fā)生 共連 ..................................................................... 129 基坑回填 ............................................................................................. 129 回填不及時 ............................................................................... 129 回填沉陷 ................................................................................... 130 圍堰 ..................................................................................................... 132 鋼圍堰滲漏水 ........................................................................... 132 鋼板樁圍堰無法合龍 ............................................................... 133 鋼板樁圍堰滲漏水 ................................................................... 133 鋼板樁圍堰拔除困難 ............................................................... 135 沉井基礎 ...................................................................................................... 136 砂墊層承載力不足 ............................................................................. 136 外壁粗糙、鼓脹 ................................................................................. 136 井壁裂縫 ............................................................................................. 138 沉井歪斜 ............................................................................................. 139 井點降水效果未能達到設計要求 ..................................................... 140 下沉困難 ............................................................................................. 142 下沉過快 ............................................................................................. 144 突沉 ..................................................................................................... 145 下沉過慢 ............................................................................................. 146 下沉擱置 .......................................................................................... 148 沉井懸掛 .......................................................................................... 149 傾斜度過大 ...................................................................................... 150 平面位移過大 .................................................................................. 152 下沉遇流砂 ...................................................................................... 154 下沉遇堅硬土層 .............................................................................. 155 遇傾斜巖層 ...................................................................................... 156 外圍地面沉降過大 ........................................................................... 156 井壁滲漏水 ...................................................................................... 157 沉井超沉或欠沉 .............................................................................. 158 沉井失穩(wěn) .......................................................................................... 159 封底混凝土漏水 .............................................................................. 160 封底抽水后上浮 .............................................................................. 161 沉井上浮 .......................................................................................... 162 地下連續(xù)墻基礎 ........................................................................................... 164 導墻施工 ............................................................................................. 164 導墻墻體不穩(wěn)定 ...................................................................... 164 導墻內外側施工平臺不穩(wěn)定 .................................................. 165 導墻頂面標高不夠或不等高 .................................................. 165 導 墻平面位置偏位 .......................