【文章內容簡介】 y family for all their help and support. 12. swallowing hard: If you swallow , you make a movement in your throat as if your are swallowing sth., often because you are nervous or frightened. Here the author tried to control his sad emotions by doing it. ( 因緊張 , 害怕做 )吞咽動作 . Nancy swallowed hard and shock her head. 南希緊張地咽了口唾沫 ,搖了搖頭 . He swallowed hard as he turned over the examination paper and looked at the first ,看著第一道題 . 13. beyond: prep. to a degree that is past the understanding , reach, or scope of超出 ,超過 . Their fiveyear relationship was strained beyond breaking point. 他們持續(xù)五年的關系快要崩潰了 It seems to that he’s beyond caring about what anybody does. 在我看來他并不關心別人做什么 . 14. gratitude : being thankful , thankfulness ( followed by to sb./ for sth.) . I should like to express my gratitude to all members of the laboratory past and present for their contribution to the breakthrough. What she felt for David was not love but gratitude. It is my great pleasure to be here this morning to express my sincere gratitude to you, my fellow members, for electing me as your president. 15. statement: sth. that is said or written, esp. formally and officially . The trade union issued a statement opposing racial discrimination. In his newlypublished book, Williams made a number of statements about modern life. 16. specific: relating to one thing and not others 。 particular . The new system made it easier for employers to recruit workers based on specific needs. Do you have any specific skills that will be of use to you in the job you are applying for? 17. on one’s behalf/ on the behalf of sb.: for sb.。 in the interests of sb. 。 as the representative of sb. 代表 。為了某人的利益 . On the behalf of my parents, I would like to express my gratitude to you for your help. He delivered a speech on the behalf of all the graduates on Graduation Day. Don’t be uneasy on my behalf. 不要為我擔心 . 18. impress: 1) fix in sb’s mind make the importance of (sth) very clear to sb. ( used in the patterns : impress upon. /on sb. that 。 impress upon/on ) . I have always impressed upon my students that if they work hard they will succeed in life. The teacher tried to impress on his students the necessity of being honest. 2)cause ( sb) to feel admiration or respect . Most students liked to talk a lot because they thought it would impress the professors. Wanting to impress his girl friend, Dustin bought a suit for their first date. You managed to get both items for under $50? I’m impressed. 你花了不到 50美元就買到這兩樣東西？ 我好佩服你。 impress on/ upon 使 … 明白 (某事 )的重要性或價值 . He’s always trying to impress on me how much easier life is if you’re wellanized. 他總是想讓我明白只要合理安排 ,生活會輕松很多 . Trying to impress on my brother the importance of personal hygiene was never an easy task. 要讓我弟弟認識到個人衛(wèi)生的重要性可不是件容易的事 . impressive a. 給人以深刻印象的 。 感人的 。激動人心的 。讓人欽佩的 . They’ve got a very impressive collection of modern paintings. 他們對現(xiàn)代繪畫的收藏讓人驚嘆 . She’s a very impressive public speaker. 她是位出色的演說家 . 18. diminish: make or bee smaller or less（使）變??； （使）減少 . There is nothing you can say that will diminish her resolve。 你說什么都不能動搖她的決心 We have seen the value of our house diminish greatly/ sharply/substantially in value over the last six months 過去半年里我們眼睜睜看著我們的房子急劇貶值 . Her patience with the children diminished as the hours went by. Time will not diminish our friendship. : leave uncovered。 make accessible to ( often used in the pattern: be exposed to) 使暴露； 使接觸（常與 to 連用） . He hurt his leg so badly in the accident that the bone was exposed. 他的腿在事故中傷的很厲害 ,骨頭都露出來了 The soldiers were exposed to considerable danger. 士兵面臨很大的危險 . The newspaper story exposed him as a liar. When she went to college, Kate was exposed to a lot of new ideas. 凱特進入大學后接觸到很多新思想 . The immigrants’ children exposed to American pop culture often rebel when their parents try to impose the conservative values they brought with them. It is feared that people living near the power station may have been exposed to radiation. exposure 暴露 。接觸 (常與 to 連用 ) . You need always limit your exposure to the sun. 你要盡量避免暴曬 Spielberg’s new film is getting a lot of exposure in the media at the moment. 媒體正大量報道斯皮爾伯格的新電影 . His parents are worried about his exposure to the kind of people they don’t approve of while he’s at college. 他的父母很擔心他在大學接觸他們不贊成他交往的人 .