【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 物）position”可知，虎甲蟲的移動(dòng)比眼睛快，基本上是盲目的，這就要求它不時(shí)地停下來，重新評(píng)估獵物的位置，由此可知，為了抓住移動(dòng)的獵物，虎甲蟲需要不時(shí)地停下來確定獵物的位置，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 Empathy (同理心)is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where selfsatisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them. What Is Empathy?— Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone39。s feelings。 criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding. Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy. Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup. It39。s a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.（1）Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy? A.Because people tend to center themselves.B.Because everyone lacks empathy.C.Because empathy is a strange quality.D.Because it39。s better to give than to receive.（2）Which situation can empathy be used in? a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland. a teacher is forting a student about his failure in exams. a criminal is cheating a victim. a dancer is dancing to music.（3）What does the underlined sentence An empty jug cannot fill a cup mean? empty jug is too small to hold a cup.39。s a must to talk to kids about emotions. should set an example to kids. give empathy with their emotional needs met first.（4）What is the main topic of the passage? to train kids to have empathy. to distinguish sympathy and empathy. to help kids finish empathyrelated tasks. kids can be trained to be more empathetic.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，在一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)自我滿足的世界里，我們更有理由教導(dǎo)下一代，對(duì)周圍的人抱有同理心意味著什么。同時(shí)說明了同理心的含義，以及如何培養(yǎng)孩子的同理心。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的”In a world where selfsatisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.“在一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)自我滿足的世界里，它供不應(yīng)求。因此，我們更有理由教導(dǎo)下一代，對(duì)周圍的人抱有同理心意味著什么?？芍?，下一代人被教導(dǎo)要有同理心，因?yàn)槿藗兺宰约簽橹行?。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的”While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them.“雖然有些孩子天生就有一顆善良的心，但在大多數(shù)情況下，孩子們需要看到他們周圍成年人的同情心。故選B。 （3）考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中的”Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive.“滿足情感需求——當(dāng)孩子們的情感需求得到滿足時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生兩件事。他們學(xué)習(xí)如何滿足他人的情感需求，他們被錨定在他們所接受的東西上，這意味著當(dāng)需求出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他們有足夠的安全感去給予他人，但首先他們需要接受。可知，要想孩子們有同理心，必須首先滿足他們自己的情感需求。故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的”This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.“ 因此，我們更有理由教導(dǎo)下一代，對(duì)周圍的人抱有同理心意味著什么。以及文章主要內(nèi)容為如何教導(dǎo)孩子擁有同理心客棧，故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷，句義猜測(cè)和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 The term smiling depression —appearing happy to others while actually suffering depressive symptoms—has bee increasingly popular. In fact, many people who experience a low mood and a loss of pleasure in activities manage to hide their condition in this way. And these people might be particularly easy to suicide. While smiling depression is not a technical term that psychologists use，it is certain to be depressed and manage to successfully mask the symptoms. The closest technical term for this condition is atypical depression: It can be very hard to spot people suffering depression because they may seem like they don39。t have a reason to be sad — they have a job, an apartment and maybe even children or a partner. They smile when you greet them and can carry pleasant conversations. In short, they often put on a mask to the outside world while leading seemingly normal and active lives. Inside, however, they often feel hopeless and down, sometimes even having thoughts about ending it all. People with smiling depression put on a happy face to the outside world, but they can experience a lift in their mood as a result of positive occurrences in their lives. Other symptoms of this condition include overeating, feeling a sense of heaviness in the arms and legs and being easily hurt by criticism or rejection. They are also more likely to feel depressed in the evening and feel the need to sleep longer than usual. With other forms of depression, however, your mood might be worse in the morning and you might feel the need for less sleep than you are normally used to. So how can they break this circle? A starting point needs to be known that this condition actually exists and that it39。s serious. Only when we stop ignoring our problems because we think they39。re not serious enough can we start making an actual difference. Then we can find purpose by tak