【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 scape. 這是具有典型英格蘭風(fēng)景特征的森林與田野。terrain n. 地帶，地形描述某地區(qū)的地形或地勢時用terrain：The truck bumped its way over the rough terrain.卡車在崎嶇不平的地面上顛簸行進(jìn)。10. 特性 quality, attribute, characteristic, trait, feature, peculiarity, propertyquality n. 特性，特征 普通用詞，指有形或無形的特性，也可指個性或共性的特征。She has a childlike quality. 她有著孩子般的天真特質(zhì)。One quality of wood is that it can burn. 木材的一個特性是可以燃燒。attribute n. 特性，特質(zhì)指某人或某物特有的性質(zhì)或?qū)傩裕戎负玫?、有用的特質(zhì)。What attributes should a good leader possess? 一名優(yōu)秀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)具備哪些素質(zhì)？Jake has all the attributes of a firstclass athlete.杰克擁有一流運(yùn)動員應(yīng)具備的所有特質(zhì)。characteristic n. 特性，特點(diǎn)指有別于其他人或事物的典型的、特殊的、本質(zhì)的特性或特征，含易于辨認(rèn)之意，通常用復(fù)數(shù)。These two groups of patients have quite different characteristics. 這兩組患者具有截然不同的特點(diǎn)。The physical characteristics of objects should also be taken into account. 物體的物理特征也應(yīng)考慮進(jìn)去。feature n. 特征，特色指引人注目的顯著特征或細(xì)節(jié)，多用于說明人或事物的主要特征，也可用于說明地理特征等。This is a key feature of our munity college. 這是我們社區(qū)大學(xué)的一個主要特點(diǎn)。What are the important features of the landscape in Holland?荷蘭重要的景觀風(fēng)貌是什么？peculiarity n. 特性，特點(diǎn)指地方、人、情況等的獨(dú)特之處。The lack of a written constitution is a peculiarity of the country. 沒有一部成文憲法是該國的一大特點(diǎn)。property n. [正式] 特性，性質(zhì)多指同類事物所共有的特性，通常用復(fù)數(shù)。Let39。s pare the physical properties of the two substances.我們來比較一下這兩種物質(zhì)的物理特性。This container has good heatretaining properties.這種容器保溫性能很好。trait n. [正式] 特征，特性指人的性格或性情特征，尤指先天的性格特征。The medical research was based on particular personality traits. 該醫(yī)學(xué)研究以某些性格特征為基礎(chǔ)。11. 消失 vanish, disappear, evaporate disappear v. 消失，不見強(qiáng)調(diào)從視線中暫時地、突然地或永久地消失。My English book has disappeared from the table where I left it. 我放在桌子上的英語書不見了。His cellphone disappeared again. 他的手機(jī)又不見了。evaporate v. 消失，消散指感覺等逐漸消逝。Her confidence has now pletely evaporated. 她的信心已消失殆盡。vanish v. 消失強(qiáng)調(diào)莫名其妙地突然消失。The magician waved his hand and the dove vanished.魔術(shù)師揮了一下手，鴿子就突然不見了。My skirt seems to have vanished. 我的裙子似乎不翼而飛了。12. 躲避，回避 avoid, evade, eludeavoid 避開，躲避指回避某人、某物或不使用某物，也指有意避開不好的、危險的事物，不能接動詞不定式。Why does everyone avoid Nick?為什么所有人都躲著尼克？Pregnant women should avoid raw eggs. 孕婦忌吃生雞蛋。This is an effective way for you to avoid overspending. 這是一種使你避免超支的有效辦法。evade v. 逃避，躲避指回避談?wù)撃呈挛?，尤指試圖隱瞞，也指不做該做的事，不能后接動詞不定式。He evaded the question. 他避開了那個問題。You can39。t go on evading your responsibilities. 你不能繼續(xù)逃避責(zé)任。elude v. 逃避，躲避尤指用計謀機(jī)敏地避開某人或某事物。a criminal who eluded the authorities for 8 years逃避當(dāng)局追捕8年之久的罪犯He eluded the police by using a series of false names.他用了一連串假名逃脫了警方的追捕。13. 相反 inverse, reverse, converseinverse adj. （在數(shù)或量上呈）反向變化的；上下顛倒的，倒置的側(cè)重數(shù)量關(guān)系、所處位置的相反。例如a+b=k，其中a,b是變量，k是常數(shù)，很明顯a越大b就越小，ab=k的情形也一樣（后者在數(shù)學(xué)上叫反比例函數(shù)關(guān)系）。常見 短語：in inverse proportion to 與…成反比；inverse function反函數(shù)reverse adj. 逆向的；逆序的；背面的。側(cè)重順序、方向上的相反。例如：作動詞時，倒車reverse the car，倒序reverse the order；做形容詞時，紙張的背面the reverse side。converse adj. （性質(zhì)）相反的，對立的側(cè)重事物性質(zhì)上的相反。例如：物質(zhì)和反物質(zhì)，命題和反命題，安裝和反安裝（卸載）、偵察和反偵察等等，是指事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)跟目前完全相反、對立的情況下所表現(xiàn)出的特征。常見短語：a converse example反例； the converse is equally true反之亦然；conversely=on the contrary反之，相反地。14. 感染，傳播 infect, contract, transmitinfect vt. 傳染；使感染~ sb/sth (with sth) 使某人感染上…，the action of giving some thing a disease or illness，被感染的對象常作賓語。如：After work, the doctor washed his hands so he did not infect anyone else.下班后，醫(yī)生洗手，這樣他就不會傳染別人了。One of my roommates infected me wih a bad cold.我的一個室友使我染上了感冒。Be careful not to be infected with flu. 小心不要染上流感。contract vt. 感染（疾?。?；得（?。ヽontract 指的是“the action of receiving or getting a disease or illness”。The girl had contracted the illness from her sick friend.這個女