【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】
. ________ (solve) this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have ________ (little) schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as ________ (take) a 20minute nap (午睡) during the day, trying to go to sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also ________ (help). For example, try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day.【答案】 importance;is considered;reported;fifths;worrying/worried;asleep;To solve;less;taking;helpful 【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文是一篇與睡眠有關(guān)的短文,講述了睡眠與健康的關(guān)系,不同年齡的人需要不同的睡眠時(shí)間,中國(guó)青少年學(xué)生的睡眠現(xiàn)狀以及解決措施等。 (1)句意:每年,世界各地都有一個(gè)節(jié)日來(lái)慶祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠詞the,可知此處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞,important是形容詞“重要的”,與其對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞是importance“重要”,故答案填importance。 (2)句意:據(jù)說(shuō)每晚8小時(shí)的睡眠時(shí)間被認(rèn)為是平均睡眠時(shí)間。由題干可知主語(yǔ)eight hours與動(dòng)詞consider之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),文章時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),時(shí)間作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),所以be動(dòng)詞用is,consider的過(guò)去分詞是considered,故答案填is considered。 (3)句意:然而,去年中國(guó)青少年研究中心報(bào)道。由last year可知,動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),report的過(guò)去式為reported,故答案填reported。 (4)句意:大約五分之四的中學(xué)生睡眠不足。這里考查分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方法,在英語(yǔ)中一般用基數(shù)詞表示分?jǐn)?shù)的分子,用序數(shù)詞表示分?jǐn)?shù)的分母;當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí),分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,所以五分之四的正確書寫是four fifths,故答案填fifths。 (5)句意:對(duì)于一些學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),他們想早點(diǎn)睡覺(jué),但是他們總是擔(dān)心他們的學(xué)業(yè)。keep doing +形容詞,都表示“使…處于某種狀態(tài)”,worried,是形容詞,故答案填worrying/worried。 (6)句意:他們不能很快入睡。聯(lián)系上文語(yǔ)境,結(jié)合提示詞可知此處句意為“他們不能很快入睡?!薄叭胨眆all asleep,固定詞組,前面有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can39。t,所以這里用動(dòng)詞原形,故答案填asleep。 (7)句意:為了解決這類問(wèn)題。這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的,故答案填To solve。 (8)句意:科學(xué)家建議學(xué)生應(yīng)該少做功課,多睡覺(jué)。根據(jù)后面的more time to sleep可知此處應(yīng)表達(dá)的是“作更少的功課”,句中暗含比較級(jí),little的比較級(jí)為less,故答案填less。 (9)句意:比如白天小睡20分鐘。such as意思是“比如”,as是介詞后接動(dòng)詞ing形式,故答案填taking。 (10)句意:良好的睡眠習(xí)慣也很有幫助。前面有系動(dòng)詞are,后接形容詞作表語(yǔ),help“幫助”,動(dòng)詞,與其對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞是helpful“有幫助的、有益的”,故答案填helpful。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)言綜合運(yùn)用能力,注意謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,詞性,連詞搭配等多種用法。7.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式。 At about thirteen years old, I felt very lonely. I didn39。t like my classmates, my parents or anyone else. My classmates didn39。t want to talk ________ me and my parents were always saying that other kids were ________(good) than me. I thought I was the ________(luck) person in the world. One day I had a big fight with one of my classmates. I was so angry ________ I hit him in the face. Just at that moment, a boy stood up and ________(stop) the fight. He was the monitor of our class. After that, he often helped me and we became good ________(friend). Whenever I got angry or sad, he would help ________(I) to cool down. My life began to change because of the boy, my best friend. We spent a lot of interesting days together. ________ time goes by, I have bee happier with people and things. And people around me have ________ (change), too. My parents don39。t shout at me ________ more and my classmates bee friendly to me. But now we go to different cities to study. How I miss the days when we were together! 【答案】 with;better;unluckiest;that;stopped;friends;me;As;changed;any 【解析】【分析】本文講述了作者大約十三歲時(shí),感到非常孤獨(dú)不喜歡我的同學(xué)父母或其他任何人,后來(lái) 因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)男孩,生活開(kāi)始改變。 (1)句意: 我的同學(xué)不想和我說(shuō)話,我父母總是說(shuō)其他孩子比我好。talkwith,固定搭配,和某人聊天 , 故填 with。 (2)句意:我的同學(xué)不想和我說(shuō)話,我父母總是說(shuō)其他孩子比我好。than是比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志,good的比較級(jí)是better , 故填 better。 (3)句意: 我以為我是世界上最不幸的人。was是系動(dòng)詞其后是形容詞luck是名詞,lucky是形容詞,根據(jù)the定冠詞可知是最高級(jí),故填 unluckiest。 (4)句意: 我非常生氣,打了他的臉。so ...that,如此……以至于,固定搭配 , 故填 that。 (5)句意: 就在這時(shí),一個(gè)男孩站了起來(lái),停止了打斗。描述過(guò)去用一般過(guò)去時(shí),stop是動(dòng)詞,故填 stopped。 (6)句意: 從那以后,他經(jīng)常幫助我,我們成了好朋友。主語(yǔ)是we故此處名詞是復(fù)數(shù),故填 friends。 (7)句意: 每當(dāng)我生氣或難過(guò)時(shí),他會(huì)幫助我冷靜下來(lái)。help動(dòng)詞后是賓格做賓語(yǔ),I的賓格是me , 故填 me。 (8)句意: 隨著時(shí)間的推移,我對(duì)人和事越來(lái)越開(kāi)心。此處缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞表示伴隨用as , 故填 As。 (9)句意: 我周圍的人也改變了。描述過(guò)去用一般過(guò)去時(shí),change是動(dòng)詞 , 故填 changed。 (10)句意: 我的父母不再對(duì)我大喊大叫,我的同學(xué)對(duì)我變得友好了。notany,固定搭配,不再 , 故填 any。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空,注意謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài),詞性,連詞搭配等多種用法。8.語(yǔ)法填空 Tonight is the night when children in much of the ________(west) world will be waiting for a fat man ________ red and white to pass by on his sleigh and climb down the chimney to deliver the Christmas ________ (present). And as we all know, Santa Claus, or Father Christmas lives at the North Pole, you might not realize he39。s________ (actual) from Finland. Everyone dreams of the ing of Santa Claus ________ (bring) him something. Stories ________him spread throughout the centuries including one in which he helped a poor man who couldn39。t afford money for his married daughters. In the dead of night, Nicolas came to throw gold into his house. But the windows were too narrow so he had to climb down the chimney, yes, you guessed it, threw gold in the girls39。 stocking ________ (hang) up to dry. I guessed, I thought, Santa Claus was just a mercial business. ________ I learned here today that he was a real man that did great things. ________ he is a legend continued. I39。m proud because he was a saint. He helped all the people. He helped ________(we). And now he helps me every day. Very few people know this fact.【答案】 western;in;presents;actually;to bring;about;hung;But;And;us 【解析】【分析】文章大意:我們都知道,圣誕老人或圣誕老人住在北極,你可能不會(huì)意識(shí)到他來(lái)自芬蘭。每個(gè)人都?jí)粝胫フQ老人的到來(lái)(給他帶些東西)。關(guān)于圣誕老人故事他流傳了整個(gè)世紀(jì),我想,我猜圣誕老人只是一種商業(yè)活動(dòng)。我今天在這里學(xué)到他是一個(gè)真正的做了大事的人。他是個(gè)傳奇人物。我很驕傲,因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)圣人。他幫助了所有的人。現(xiàn)在他每天都在幫助我。 (1)句意:今晚是西方世界大部分地區(qū)的孩子們將等待一個(gè)紅白相間的胖子駕著雪橇從煙囪上爬下來(lái)送圣誕禮物的夜晚。west作定語(yǔ)修飾world,應(yīng)使用western,故答案是western。 (2)句意:今晚是西方世界大部分地區(qū)的孩子們將等待一個(gè)紅白相間的胖子駕著雪橇從煙囪上爬下來(lái)送圣誕禮物的夜晚。red and white是圣誕老人穿的衣服,穿某種顏色的衣服,使用介詞in,故答案是in。 (3)句意:今晚是西方世界大部分地區(qū)的孩子們將等待一個(gè)紅白相間的胖子駕著雪橇從煙囪上爬下來(lái)送圣誕禮物的夜晚。present可數(shù)名詞,前面沒(méi)有冠詞出現(xiàn),因此使用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故答案是presents。 (4)句意:我們都知道圣誕老人來(lái)自北極,實(shí)際上他來(lái)自芬蘭。actual修飾動(dòng)詞is,因此使用副詞形式actually,故答案是actually。 (5)句意:每一個(gè)人夢(mèng)想著圣誕老人的到來(lái),給他帶來(lái)禮物。帶來(lái)禮物是他們夢(mèng)想圣誕老人到來(lái)的目的,因此使用動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語(yǔ),故答案是to bring。 (6)句意:關(guān)于他的故事傳了幾個(gè)世紀(jì),就包括他幫助了一個(gè)買不起女兒的陪嫁的貧窮的父親的故事。關(guān)于,about,介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾stories,故答案是about。 (7)句意:但是窗戶太窄,因此他不得不從煙囪爬下,朝掛著晾干的長(zhǎng)筒襪里扔金子。hang作后置定語(yǔ)秀是stocking,stocking與hang是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此使用過(guò)去分析作定語(yǔ),hang的過(guò)去分詞是hung,故答案是hung。 (8)句意:但是今天我在這里知道他是一個(gè)做大事的真人。本句和前面一句的描述不一致,應(yīng)使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but連接,位于句首首字母大寫,故答案是But。 (9)句意:他是個(gè)傳奇人物。本句和前一句是順接關(guān)系,應(yīng)使用and連接,位于句首首字母大寫,故答案是And。 (10)句意:他幫助我們。we在句中做賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)使用賓格us,故答案是us。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查詞匯在篇章中的運(yùn)用能力,答題時(shí)首先要跳過(guò)空格通讀文章掌握其大意,然后細(xì)讀文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考慮句型、語(yǔ)法、搭配、語(yǔ)境等因素。最后通讀一遍,檢查驗(yàn)證。9.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式。 Food waste is a world39。s problem. Every year, about billion tons, or onethird of all the food produced is thrown awa