【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 leaders in improving global(全球的) tree cover, a new study based on NASA research showed. They took a % part together of the total global new leaf area between 2000 and 2017. China played a major role, adding 25% to this increase, and India added %, followed by Canada and Russia. The study in the Nature Sustainability journal shows that more than million square kilometers of green leaf area was added globally. Since 2000, there has been a fivepercent increase in global green cover, it said. The greening over the last twenty years shows an increase in leaf area on plants and trees which is as large as the area of the entire Amazon rainforest, Chi Chen, a Boston University researcher and lead of the study told Nature Sustainability. Large plantation activities to protect forests in China contributed nearly 42% to the country39。s green cover, and agriculture added another 32%. In India, 82% of the increase in leaf area was because of agriculture. China and India take up onethird of the greening, but hold only nine percent of the planet39。s land area covered in green plants, Chi Chen told NASA Earth Observatory. That is a surprising finding, considering the land degradation(退化) in countries with large populations. Boston University39。s research team first detected an increase in global green cover in the 1990s but were unsure about what contributed to the increase. Finally, with the help of NASA39。s Terra and Aqua satellites research, they managed to find out the increase in leaf cover from different areas and places.（1）Which country increased the largest part of the new leaf area? A.IndiaB.ChinaC.CanadaD.Russia（2）For what purpose did the author mention the Amazon rainforest? A.To show how great the achievement was.B.To show the importance of rainforest.C.To explain what difficulties we have now.D.To explain the reason for increasing forests.（3）According to paragraph four, the following statements are true EXCEPT_______. A.China and India have large populations and land degradation problemB.about 9% of the planet39。s greening is in China and IndiaC.China and India are leading in the global green cover increaseD.the leaf cover area in China and India is still limited if viewed globally【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項新研究顯示，中國和印度在改善全球樹木覆蓋方面處于領(lǐng)先地位。同時中國和印度占了地球綠化面積的三分之一，但卻只占地球陸地面積的9%?？紤]到人口眾多國家的土地退化，這是一個令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“China played a major role, adding 25% to this increase, and India added %, followed by Canada and Russia.”中國扮演了主要的角色，增加了25%，%，加拿大和俄羅斯緊隨其后。可知中國新增的森林面積最大。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的‘The greening over the last twenty years shows an increase in leaf area on plants and trees which is as large as the area of the entire Amazon rainforest,’ Chi Chen, a Boston University researcher and lead of the study told Nature Sustainability.“過去20年的綠化表明，植物和樹木的葉子面積增加了，相當(dāng)于整個亞馬遜雨林的面積，波士頓大學(xué)研究員、該研究的負責(zé)人陳馳告訴《自然可持續(xù)性》雜志。可知作者提到了亞馬遜雨林，以表明這一成就是多么偉大。故選A。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的‘China and India take up onethird of the greening, but hold only nine percent of the planet39。s land area covered in green plants,’ Chi Chen told NASA Earth Observatory.”陳馳告訴美國國家航空航天局地球觀測站:中國和印度占了地球綠化面積的三分之一，但卻只占地球陸地面積的9%?？芍狟選項大約9%的地球綠化發(fā)生在中國和印度錯誤，故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 By analyzing the fossilized teeth of some of our most ancient ancestors, a team of scientists led by the universities of Bristol (UK) and Lyon (France) have discovered that the first humans significantly breastfed their infants (嬰兒) for longer periods than their contemporary relatives. The results, published in the journal Science Advances, provide a first insight into the practice of weaning (斷奶)that remain otherwise unseen in the fossil record. The team sampled minute amounts from nearly 40 fossilized teeth of our South African fossil relatives, early Homo, Paranthropus robustus and Australopithecus africanus. They measured the proportions of their stable calcium isotopes (同位素）in the tooth enamel(牙釉質(zhì)), which are a function of the mother milk intake by infants. They show that early Homo offspring(后代) was breastfed in significant proportions until the age of around three to four years, which likely played a role in the apparition of traits that are specific to human lineage(血統(tǒng)), such as the brain development. In contrast, infants of Paranthropus robustus, that became extinct around one million years ago and were a more robust species in terms of dental anatomy, as well as infants of Australopithecus africanus, stopped drinking sizeable proportions of mother milk in the course of the first months of life. These differences in nursing behaviors likely e with major changes in the social structures of groups as well as the time between the birth of one child and the birth of the next. One of the study39。s lead authors, Dr Theo Tacail said: The practice of weaning the duration of breastfeeding, age at nonmilk food introduction and the age at cessation of suckling differs among the modern members of the hominid family which includes humans and modern great apes: orangutan, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos. The development of such behavioral differences likely played major roles in the evolution of the members of human lineage, being associated for instance with size and structure of social groups, brain development. However, getting insights into these behavioral changes from fossils that are millions of years old is a challenge and, so far, little evidence allow discussing nursing practices in these fossil species. The findings stress the need for further exploration of calcium stables isotopes positions in the fossil record in order to understand the coevolution of weaning practices with other traits such as brain size or social behaviors.（1）What do we know the findings of the team? A.It takes the lead in focusing on Practice weaning.B.It has disclosed the link between the weaning practice and other traits.C.It is evident that nursing practice is associated with behavioral changes.D.It39。s contemporary humans that spend more time breastfeeding their infants.（2）What does the underlined phrase such behavi