【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 .buildD.increase（3）The author pares self—control to muscles ________. A.to prove the longterm effect of willpowerB.to show the significance of regular exerciseC.to argue that selfcontrol can he easily used upD.to explain the benefits of practicing selfcontrol（4）To develop a good habit, which of the following does the author prefer? A.I will give up dessert and do exercise.B.I will set three goals this new semester.C.I will read an English novel every month.D.I will keep myself from any temptation.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，列舉了關(guān)于意志力的幾種研究和觀點(diǎn)，作者認(rèn)為有了明確的目標(biāo)，良好的自我監(jiān)督和練習(xí)，就可以在面對(duì)誘惑時(shí)使意志力保持堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Researchers don39。t believe that one39。s willpower is ever pletely exhausted. Rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future demands.”可知，研究人員不相信人的意志力會(huì)完全耗盡，他們還有備用的和為將來(lái)需求節(jié)省的意志力。所以從文章中的研究我們了解到意志力幾乎沒(méi)有完全喪失。故選C。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our selfcontrol strength has been run down.可知，正確的動(dòng)機(jī)使我們能夠利用這些儲(chǔ)備，即使我們的自我控制能力已經(jīng)被消耗殆盡，我們?nèi)匀豢梢岳^續(xù)前進(jìn)。所以通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)境，判斷出tap into指利用，與make use of同義。故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“While muscles bee exhausted by exercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term. Similarly, regular practices of selfcontrol may improve willpower strength.”可知，雖然肌肉在短期內(nèi)會(huì)因運(yùn)動(dòng)而疲憊不堪，但長(zhǎng)期而言，它們會(huì)通過(guò)經(jīng)常鍛煉而增強(qiáng)。同樣規(guī)律的自我控制可以提高意志力。兩者相比是為了說(shuō)明同一個(gè)道理：長(zhǎng)期的鍛煉和自我控制的好處。所以作者把自我控制比作肌肉是為了解釋自我控制的好處。故選D。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Taking goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place, you39。ll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. Eventually healthy habits will bee routine, and won39。t require making decisions at all.”可知，作者認(rèn)為一個(gè)接一個(gè)的制定目標(biāo)是一個(gè)更好的方法。一旦養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣，你就不再需要依靠意志力來(lái)維持自己的行為。最終健康的習(xí)慣將成為慣例，而且不需要做任何決定。所以C項(xiàng)I will read an English novel every month.是先設(shè)立目標(biāo)，然后成為好習(xí)慣，作者更喜歡這種目標(biāo)。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解Time:20170124 From: Editor: clover The head of China39。s largest online seller Alibaba does not think China and the United States will have a trade war despite ments from the Trump administration. Jack Ma is the chairman of the Alibaba Group. At the World Economic Forum meeting in Davos, Switzerland, he said, China and (the) . will never have a trade war. Give Trump some time. He39。s openminded, he39。s listening. The Chinese billionaire said he would do all he could to prevent trade relations between the countries from getting worse. Last week, Ma met with Trump at the Trump Tower in New York City. The Chinese billionaire is said to have discussed a plan to permit one million small . businesses to sell goods on Alibaba39。s online shopping platform. During the campaign and after winning the presidential election, Trump strongly criticized the Chinese government39。s support for its businesses. He blamed unfair trade policies for taking away . jobs. And he said that China unfairly controls the exchange value of its currency, the yuan. Trump also has threatened to place import taxes on goods from China and other countries in response to their trade policies. According to the South China Morning Post, Ma said, American international panies made millions and millions of dollars from globalization. He added that the . should not blame the loss of jobs and panies on globalization. However, a new study by an American business group says many . businesses feel unwele in China. The panies say the cost of doing business in China is increasing. They add that rules and regulations are unclear or not enforced in a consistent way. The American Chamber of Commerce in China led the study, which looked at responses from 462 panies. William Zarit is chairman of the chamber. He says trade policies in China make it difficult for American panies. He says, we feel that over the last few years that we39。ve been taken advantage of to some extent, with our open market and the lack of open areas in the Chinese market. Another major concern for . panies in China is fake products. Fake products are copies of the originals that cost businesses with the legal right to sell them millions of dollars each year. Ma defended Alibaba39。s efforts to fight fake products on its shopping platform. He said his pany is doing all it can to fight the problem. Fighting against fake products is a war against human greediness, Ma said. I39。m Mario Ritter.（1）The underline phrase “The Chinese billionaire” refers to ________.A.TrumpB.Jack MaC.Mario RitterD.Willian Zarit（2）The text likely take from the ________.A.economic magazineB.trade speechC.websiteD.global news（3）About this passage, the most suitable title is “________”.A.Chinese Billionaire Does Not See ChinaUS Trade WarB.The American international panies removed most tariffs on products traded between the and ChinaC.Group says American businesses in China concernedD.The war about fighting against fake products【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A 【解析】【分析】文章主要講述的是中國(guó)的億萬(wàn)富翁阿里巴巴集團(tuán)董事長(zhǎng)馬云表示盡管川普政府發(fā)表了不少批評(píng)言論，但是中美之間不會(huì)爆發(fā)貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。他將盡一切努力防止兩國(guó)之間的貿(mào)易關(guān)系惡化。( 1 )推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，劃線詞提到的“The Chinese billionaire”指Jack Ma，即阿里巴巴集團(tuán)董事長(zhǎng)馬云，故選B。( 2 )推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭Time:20170124 From: Editor: clover及文章的時(shí)效性可知，此文來(lái)自網(wǎng)站，故選C。( 3 )主旨大意題。文章主要講述的是中國(guó)的億萬(wàn)富翁阿里巴巴集團(tuán)董事長(zhǎng)馬云表示盡管川普政府發(fā)表了不少批評(píng)言論，但是中美之間不會(huì)爆發(fā)貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。他將盡一切努力防止兩國(guó)之間的貿(mào)易關(guān)系惡化。A項(xiàng)能概括全文，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查新聞報(bào)道類短文閱讀。5．閱讀理解 Anxiety has now surpassed depression as the most mon mental health disease among college students, though depression, too, is on the rise. More than half of students visiting campus clinics cite anxiety as a health concern, according to a recent study of more than 100,000 students nationwide by the Center for Collegiate Mental Health at Penn State. Nearly one