【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ___ （important） of good and healthy sleep—World Sleep Day. Sleep is like food for the brain. Healthy sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop. People of different ages need different amounts of sleep. It is said that eight hours per night ________ （consider） the average amount of sleep. For students aged 10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However, last year, the China Youth and Children Research Center ________ （report） that about four ________ （five） of middle school students didn39。t get enough sleep. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep ________ （worry） about their schoolwork and can39。t fall ________ （sleep） quickly. A lack （缺乏） of sleep can greatly affect （影響） a person39。s life. Students who don39。t get enough sleep may get poor grades. They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. ________ （solve） this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have ________ （little） schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as ________ （take） a 20minute nap （午睡） during the day, trying to go to sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also ________ （help）. For example, try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day.【答案】 importance；is considered；reported；fifths；worrying/worried；asleep；To solve；less；taking；helpful 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇與睡眠有關(guān)的短文，講述了睡眠與健康的關(guān)系，不同年齡的人需要不同的睡眠時間，中國青少年學(xué)生的睡眠現(xiàn)狀以及解決措施等。 （1）句意：每年，世界各地都有一個節(jié)日來慶祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠詞the，可知此處應(yīng)填入一個名詞，important是形容詞“重要的”，與其對應(yīng)的名詞是importance“重要”，故答案填importance。 （2）句意：據(jù)說每晚8小時的睡眠時間被認(rèn)為是平均睡眠時間。由題干可知主語eight hours與動詞consider之間存在被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，文章時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，時間作主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)，所以be動詞用is，consider的過去分詞是considered，故答案填is considered。 （3）句意：然而，去年中國青少年研究中心報道。由last year可知，動詞時態(tài)用一般過去時，report的過去式為reported，故答案填reported。 （4）句意：大約五分之四的中學(xué)生睡眠不足。這里考查分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方法，在英語中一般用基數(shù)詞表示分?jǐn)?shù)的分子，用序數(shù)詞表示分?jǐn)?shù)的分母；當(dāng)分子大于1時，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以五分之四的正確書寫是four fifths，故答案填fifths。 （5）句意：對于一些學(xué)生來說，他們想早點睡覺，但是他們總是擔(dān)心他們的學(xué)業(yè)。keep doing +形容詞，都表示“使…處于某種狀態(tài)”，worried，是形容詞，故答案填worrying/worried。 （6）句意：他們不能很快入睡。聯(lián)系上文語境，結(jié)合提示詞可知此處句意為“他們不能很快入睡?！薄叭胨眆all asleep，固定詞組，前面有情態(tài)動詞can39。t，所以這里用動詞原形，故答案填asleep。 （7）句意：為了解決這類問題。這里應(yīng)用動詞不定式表示目的，故答案填To solve。 （8）句意：科學(xué)家建議學(xué)生應(yīng)該少做功課，多睡覺。根據(jù)后面的more time to sleep可知此處應(yīng)表達(dá)的是“作更少的功課”，句中暗含比較級，little的比較級為less，故答案填less。 （9）句意：比如白天小睡20分鐘。such as意思是“比如”，as是介詞后接動詞ing形式，故答案填taking。 （10）句意：良好的睡眠習(xí)慣也很有幫助。前面有系動詞are，后接形容詞作表語，help“幫助”，動詞，與其對應(yīng)的形容詞是helpful“有幫助的、有益的”，故答案填helpful。 【點評】考查語言綜合運用能力，注意謂語的時態(tài)，語態(tài)，非謂語動詞，詞性，連詞搭配等多種用法。7．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。 How are American families different from Chinese ones? In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones, and in other ways they are ________ same. For example, American families enjoy family dinners. They support and love each other just ________ Chinese families do. The ________（different） e from culture, however. Many Chinese students are surprised to learn that American teenagers are ________（allow） to make many decisions ________ their own, and the parents want their children to leave home at eighteen. In most American families, children are encouraged to make their own ________（choose） at a young age. They start with small choices and gradually larger ones until they graduate from high school. That is when they face ________（big） decision of their lives: what to do next. Parents and family will help with the choice, but the children themselves make the ________（finally） decision. Americans seldom move back into family homes ________ they get older. ________, they prefer to have their own lives for as long as possible. It is important to remember that these are cultural differences, and that Americans see this as part of the culture. 【答案】 the；as；differences；allowed；on；choices；the biggest；final；when；Instead 【解析】【分析】本文介紹了美國家庭和中國家庭的不同。 （1）句意： 在某些方面，美國家庭與中國家庭非常不同，而在其他方面，他們是一樣的。be the same，固定搭配，相同，故填the。 （2）句意： 他們互相支持和愛，就像中國家庭一樣。just as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，像……一樣，故填as。 （3）句意：然而又有文化的不同。the定冠詞后是名詞，根據(jù)謂語是動詞原形e，可知主語是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，different是形容詞，difference是名詞，故填differences。 （4）句意： 許多中國學(xué)生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國青少年允許自己做很多決定，父母希望他們的孩子在18歲離開家。be allowed to do，固定搭配，允許做某事，故填allowed。 （5）句意：許多中國學(xué)生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國青少年允許自己做很多決定，父母希望他們的孩子在18歲離開家。make decisions on sth，固定搭配，做關(guān)于……的決定，故填on。 （6）句意： 在大多數(shù)美國家庭中，孩子們被鼓勵在年幼時做出自己的選擇。their形容詞性物主代詞后是名詞，此處表示泛指用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，choose是動詞，choice是名詞，故填choices。 （7）句意：那是他們面臨人生最大的決定：下一步該做什么。根據(jù) of their lives 可知是最高級的比較范圍，big是形容詞，最高級前要有the定冠詞，故填the biggest。 （8）句意： 父母和家人會幫助他們做出選擇，但是孩子自己會做出最后的決定。 decision是名詞其前是形容詞，finally是副詞，final是形容詞，故填final。 （9）句意： 美國人很少在他們長大后搬回家里。根據(jù) move back into family homes 和they get older 可知此處是時間狀語從句，故表示當(dāng)……的時候，故是連詞when，故填when。 （10）句意： 相反他們更喜歡盡可能長久地?fù)碛凶约旱纳?。此處是副詞位于句首， move back into family homes 搬回家和prefer to have their own lives 擁有自己的生活，表示相反的兩種結(jié)果，故填I(lǐng)nstead。 【點評】考查語法填空，注意非謂語動詞，詞性，連詞搭配等多種用法8．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語境、音標(biāo)或所給單詞的提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，要求所填的詞意義準(zhǔn)確，使短文意思完整、行文連貫。 When I was in the middle school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. The teacher ________（decide） to teach us a very important lesson. She brought us up to the front of the ________[39。kla:sru:m]and placed him on one side of her desk and________on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could ________（hard）see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. White, he________[39。 a:nsa（r）d] I couldn39。t________[b?39。li?v] he said the object was white, when it was clearly black! Another argument started between my classmate and me, this time about the________of the object. The teacher told me to stand where the boy was standing and told him to e stand where I had been. We changed________（place）, and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer, White. It was an object with two differently colored sides, and from his viewpoint （視角） it was________. Only from my side it was black. I have always remembered the lesson I learned that day. Sometimes we need to look at the problem from the