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【英語】高二英語語法填空專項訓練及答案(編輯修改稿)

2025-04-01 22:16 本頁面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 he fourth ________ (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that ________ longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a year39。s worth of lost education. For those ________ were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, There is no shortcut ________ (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.【答案】 for;conducted;scores;was published;those;poisonous;highest;the;who;to solve 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,科學研究表明空氣污染可能會導致人的智力下降,并且隨著年齡的增長,其可能會阻礙認知能力。研究者們呼吁政府采取有效措施減少空氣污染。 (1)考查介詞。句意:科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn),空氣污染可能是智力大幅下降的原因。be responsible for固定短語,“對……負責,是……的原因”。故填for。 (2)考查非謂語動詞。句意:世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)在中國進行的研究表明,空氣污染是語言和算術(shù)考試分數(shù)大幅下降的原因。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,showed是本句的謂語,此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作定語,修飾名詞The research,主語The research和動詞conduct之間是被動關(guān)系,所以此處應(yīng)用conduct的過去分詞形式表被動。故填conducted。 (3)考查名詞。句意:世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)在中國進行的研究表明,空氣污染是語言和算術(shù)考試分數(shù)大幅下降的原因。score“分數(shù),成績”,是可數(shù)名詞,此處表示語言和算術(shù)的測試分數(shù),應(yīng)用復數(shù)形式。故填scores。 (4)考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:這項研究發(fā)表在《美國國家科學院院刊》上。句子的主語It指代前一句中的The study,The study和publish之間是被動關(guān)系,且publish這一動作發(fā)生在過去,所以應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填was published。 (5)考查代詞。句意:這項研究是對世界其它地區(qū),尤其是對城市居民的一個警告。此處應(yīng)用those指代那些在城市居住的人。故填those。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:超過91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空氣的地區(qū),空氣污染是導致全球死亡的第四大原因。根據(jù)空格后的名詞air可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞air,表示“有毒的空氣”。故填poisonous。 (7)考查形容詞。句意:超過91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空氣的地區(qū),空氣污染是導致全球死亡的第四大原因。根據(jù)空格前的the和序數(shù)聞fourth可知,此處表示空氣污染是全球第四大死因,應(yīng)用high的最髙級。故填highest。 (8)考查冠詞。句意:研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),人們接觸污染空氣的時間越長,他們的智力下降得越厲害。固定結(jié)構(gòu)the+比較級... the+比較級...“越……就越……”,因此,比較級longer前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。故填the。 (9)考查定語從句。句意:對于那些超過60歲的人來說,這可能需要幾年的時間??崭袂暗膖hose是代詞,意為“那些人”,空格處引導定語從句,在從句做主語,修飾先行詞those指人,引導詞應(yīng)用who。 先行詞為those時,關(guān)系代詞不能用that。故填who。 (10)考查非謂語動詞。句意:在這個問題上沒有捷徑可走。There is no shortcut to do ,“沒有干某事的捷徑”,此處用動詞不定式。故填to solve。 【點評】本題考點涉及介詞,非謂語動詞,名詞,時態(tài)語態(tài),代詞,形容詞,冠詞,定語從句等多個知識點的考查,是一篇科研類閱讀,要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 6.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當 內(nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 China39。s first artificial intelligence (Al) textbook for high school students ________(bring) out last week, following a plan by central government ________(include) Al courses in primary and secondary school. The nine chapter textbook, ________(name) Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence , was written by outstanding ________(scholar) from well known schools nationwide, under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and Al startup SenseTime. It includes the history of Al and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition, auto driving and public security. The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but on ________(practice) use of Al in daily life, said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University, ________ is also a contributor to the book. Up till now, about 40 high schools across the country ________(undertake) the task of being the first group of Al high education pilot program ________ introducing the textbook in the curriculum. The Al sector is facing a talent shortage ________(global). The publication of the book is ________breakthrough as it takes Al technology out of the 39。Ivory tower39。 and makes it part of high school learning, said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.【答案】 was brought;to include;named;scholars;practical;who;have undertaken;by;globally;a 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了人工智能教科書開始進入中國高中課堂。 (1)考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:緊接著中央政府把人工智能課程納入初高中課程的計劃,中國第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。分析句子可知,此處是謂語動詞,根據(jù)last week判斷為一般過去時,主語textbook和bring out之間是動賓關(guān)系,故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),主語是單數(shù)。故填was brought。 (2)考查非謂語動詞。句意:緊接著中央政府把人工智能課程納入初高中課程的計劃,中國第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。根據(jù)句意可知,此處應(yīng)譯為“……的計劃”,所以用不定式作為名詞plan的后置定語。故填to include。 (3)考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處用非謂語動詞,邏輯主語textbook和name(命名)之間是動賓關(guān)系,故用過去分詞形式。故填named。 (4)考查名詞。scholar“學者”是可數(shù)名詞,聯(lián)系上下句此處應(yīng)是很多學者編寫了這本書,故用復數(shù)形式。故填scholars。 (5)考查形容詞。分析句子可知,句中use是名詞,應(yīng)用形容詞修飾。故填practical。 (6)考查定語從句。分析句子可知,此處是非限定性定語從句,先行詞是Chen Yukun,從句___6___ is also a contributor to the ,故用關(guān)系代詞who/that,但非限不能用that。故填who。 (7)考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)up till now“到目前為止”判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時,主語high schools是復數(shù),故用have done。故填have undertaken。 (8)考查介詞。句意:到目前為止,已經(jīng)有大約40所高中通過把教科書引入課程承擔起了第一批人工智能高校試點工程。根據(jù)句意可知,此處應(yīng)譯為“通過引入教科書進課程”,表達“通過”常用介詞by。故填by。 (9)考查副詞。分析句子可知,此處是修飾前面的整個句子,故用副詞形式。故填globally。 (10)考查冠詞。breakthrough是可數(shù)名詞,此處譯為“一個突破”,且該詞是輔音音素開頭,故用不定冠詞a。故填a。 【點評】本題考點涉及時態(tài)語態(tài),非謂語動詞,名詞,形容詞,定語從句,副詞,時態(tài),介詞以及冠詞等多個知識點的考查,是一篇教育類閱讀,要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。7.語法填空 It is reported ________ over 100,000 people took part in a massive parade at Beijing39。s Tian39。anmen Square ________ the morning of Oct 1, National Day, ________ (celebrate) the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People39。s Republic of China. Participants from all walks of life and ethnic groups attended ________ceremony, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan patriots(同胞), overseas Chinese and foreigners ________(include), said Du Feijin, head of the publicity department of the Beijing Committee of the Communist Party of China. Tian39。anmen Square featured red decorations representing the ________ (glory) history of the Party as it led the Chinese revolution to victory, he said, ________ (add) that 70 red lanterns ware hung parallel to the east and west sides of the square. A series of ________ (active) like raising the national flag, singing the national anthem and memorating revolutionary martyrs(烈士) held nationwide to let ________ (many) people take part in celebrating the birthday of the motherland. Besides, a documentary which featured highlights during the 70year journey ________(broadcast) on TV.【答案】 that;on;to celebrate;the;included;glorious;adding;activities;more;was broadcast 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了10月1日慶祝中華人民共和國成立70周年游行的情況。 (1)考查主語從句。句意:據(jù)報道,10月1日國慶節(jié)當天上午,有10多萬人在北京天安門廣場參加了慶祝中華人民共和國成立70周年的盛大游行。it is reported that…固定句式,“據(jù)報道……”,故填that。 (2)考查介詞。句意:據(jù)報道,10月1日國慶節(jié)當天上午,有10多萬人在北京天安門廣場參加了慶祝中華人民共和國成立70周年的盛大游行。on the morning of固定短語,“在……的早晨”,具體的日子之前用介詞on,故填on。 (3)考查非謂語動詞。句意:據(jù)報道,10月1日國慶節(jié)當天上午,有10多萬人在北京天安門廣場參加了慶祝中華人民共和國成立70周年的盛大游行。本句中celebrate做非謂語動詞,做目的狀語用不定式。故填to celebrate。 (4)考查冠詞。句意:中共北京市委宣傳部部
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