【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 exams（5）Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.Slump over to Take ExamsB.Sit up to Do MathC.Better Posture for Nervous StudentsD.Good Advice for Better Exams【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）A（5）B 【解析】【分析】本文介紹姿勢不僅有助于參加數(shù)學(xué)考試。運(yùn)動(dòng)員、音樂家和演說家都可以從更好的姿勢中受益。當(dāng)你感到壓力大的時(shí)候，你也可以試著坐直或者站直。它可以幫助你更確定，更專注。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) For people who are worried about math, posture （姿勢） makes a big difference 和That39。s right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams. 可知坐直可以讓人們在數(shù)學(xué)考試中感覺壓力更小 ，故選A。（2）推理題。根據(jù) They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumpedover （趴倒的） posture, or sitting up straight. 可知科學(xué)家在測試中要求大學(xué)生以不同的姿勢坐著，故選D。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight 可知56%的參加測試的學(xué)生從更好的姿勢中受益 ，故選C。（4）主旨題。根據(jù) Slumping over is a defensive（戒備的） posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, 可知第四段是用來解釋為什么睡懶覺會(huì)讓考試變得更難，故選A。（5）主旨題。根據(jù)本文教室里姿勢有助于參加數(shù)學(xué)考試和 the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight ，可知標(biāo)題適合是 Sit up to Do Math 坐起來做數(shù)學(xué) ，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，和主旨題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5．閱讀下列短文，從文后每小題A、B、C選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案。 We know people can be nice, but what about animals? Scientists say that some animals are capable（有能力的）of being nice. Animals that live in groupslike foxes, chimpanzees（大猩猩）, and elephantsfollow rules. They have to follow rules to get along and to survive（生存）. However, animals can act nicely, even when they don39。t have to. Here are some surprising stories about animal behavior. Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. Marc Bekoff, a researcher at the University of Colorado, saw a female（母的）red fox do just that. The female fox was unhappy because a male（公的）fox played roughly（粗魯?shù)兀﹚ith her. When she walked away, the male fox showed her that he wanted to play nicely. He lowered his head and rolled on his back. The female fox gave him another chance, and this time, he played more gently. Geza Teleki is a scientist who studies chimpanzees in Tanzania. One day, Teleki hiked far away from his campsite. He didn39。t have any food. Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall. A young chimpanzee watched him curiously as he tried to get something to eat. The chimpanzee climbed the tree, picked the fruit, and gave it to him! An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk（象鼻子）. He needed help because he couldn39。t put food into his mouth. Researcher Kayhan Ostovar watched silently. He saw the hurt elephant show his sore trunk to a healthy elephant. The healthy elephant didn39。t need any more information. He took a bush and put it carefully into his new friend39。s mouth. Hippos（河馬）and crocodiles are usually good friends. They hang out together in rivers. But Karen Paolillo, a wildlife expert in Zimbabwe, saw something surprising. One day, a crocodile tried to eat a monkey that was next to a river. A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away. Why did the hippo attack（攻擊）the crocodile? Paolillo says hippos sometimes protect other animals from crocodiles. （1）The main idea of the passage is . A.animals that live in groups follow rulesB.some animals can be nice to other animalsC.most animals are nice to people（2）The underlined phrase do just that means . A.be niceB.play roughlyC.walk away（3）We can say that Teleki . A.is shortB.hates hikingC.could not climb the tree（4）The elephant needed help because . A.the tree was too tallB.it could not use its trunkC.it had no food（5）The underlined word it in the last paragraph refers to . A.the crocodileB.the chimpanzeeC.the monkey【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C（4）B（5）A 【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要通過科學(xué)家對大猩猩和大象等動(dòng)物的研究，說明了有些動(dòng)物是有友善待人/其他動(dòng)物的能力的。 （1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段 Scientists say that some animals are capable（有能力的）of being nice. 科學(xué)家說，一些動(dòng)物是能夠友善待人/其他動(dòng)物的，可知本文的主旨是一些動(dòng)物是能夠友善對待其他動(dòng)物的。故選B。 （2）推斷題。根據(jù)上文 Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. 大多數(shù)人通常在某人對他們不友好的時(shí)候走開，可知?jiǎng)澗€部分 do just that那樣做，指的是也走開。故選C。 （3）推斷題。根據(jù)第四段 Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall. Teleki想要從樹上摘一些水果，但是樹太高了，因此我們可以推斷Teleki不會(huì)爬樹。故選C。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段 An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk（象鼻子）. 可知，那只大象需要幫助是因?yàn)樗谋亲邮軅耍瑹o法把食物放進(jìn)嘴里。故選B。 （5）推斷題。根據(jù) A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away. 一只河馬跑向鱷魚，并把它趕走，可知it指代的是鱷魚。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6．閱讀理解 Last weekend, I took Lucy to a park, where she discovered a track with large bumps（凸塊）and sharp tums. At first, I thought Lucy was able to ride her bike along the track, but she quickly found that her bike was too low to the ground and kept getting stuck on top of the bump. Lucy looked at me with fear because she was still a biking newbie. I tried to encourage her too, but really, I was thinking﹣this is going to be a disaster. Not because I thought she would get hurt. More because I thought she wouldn39。t be able to pick up enough speed to balance, then get really discouraged, and give up quickly. I imagined her throwing her bicycle to the ground and then crying all the way home. But I was only half right. Lucy did have a lot of trouble riding the bike. She couldn39。t find her balance. She fell many times. At one point, she almost started crying because younger kids were getting angry that she was slowing everyone else down. But she did not give up. She kept picking herself up and trying again. She even took the bike off the track and into the main park to practice pushing off and picking