【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 it means this, and anything that is related, any information related to your survival is stuff that youamp。39。re going to pay attention to and therefore youamp。39。re going to remember it.
　　然后你繼續(xù)向前走 50 米，你看到了這個(gè)。你應(yīng)該要注意了。再 50 米，如果你還沒(méi)注意的話，你會(huì)看到這個(gè)。當(dāng)看到這個(gè)的時(shí)候，你就要注意了。你剛剛學(xué)習(xí)到了這個(gè)是重要的，它與你有重要關(guān)系，因?yàn)樗磉@個(gè)。任何有關(guān)聯(lián)的東西，任何有關(guān)你生存的信息都是值得你注意的，而你給注意力的就會(huì)記住的。
　　If itamp。39。s related to your personal goals then youamp。39。re going to pay attention to it, if itamp。39。s relevant youamp。39。re going to remember it. So, the first rule, the first principle for learning a language is focus on language content that is relevant to brings us to master tools by using tools and we learn tools the fastest when they are relevant to us. So let me share a story. A keyboard is a tool. Typing Chinese a certain way, there are methods for this.
　　如果它關(guān)于你個(gè)人目標(biāo)的，那么你就會(huì)注意到它，如果它與你是有關(guān)聯(lián)的，你就會(huì)記住它。因此，學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)語(yǔ)言的第一個(gè)原則就是, 注意那些與你息息相關(guān)的語(yǔ)言內(nèi)容上。這就讓我們談到工具。我們通過(guò)使用工具來(lái)掌握工具，而當(dāng)這些工具與我們息息相關(guān)的時(shí)候，我們就可以學(xué)得很快。先讓我分享一個(gè)故事。
　　Thatamp。39。s a had a colleague many years ago who went to night school。 Tuesday night, Thursday night, two hours each night, practicing at home, she spent nine months, and she did not learn to type Chinese.
　　鍵盤(pán)是一個(gè)工具。有不同方法打中文字。這些方法屬于工具的一種。多年前，我有一位同事，她上夜校學(xué)習(xí)中文打字。每周二、周四晚上，她都用 2 個(gè)小時(shí)上課，然后也在家練習(xí)，她花了 9 個(gè)月的時(shí)間，仍然沒(méi)學(xué)會(huì)打中文字。
　　And one night we had a had forty eight hours to deliver a training manual in Chinese. And she got the job, and I can guarantee you in forty eight hours, she learned to type Chinese because it was relevant, it was important, it was meaningful, she was using a tool to create the second tool for learning a language is to use your language as a tool to municate right from day one. As a kid does.
　　一天晚上，我們有一件緊急的事情。我們有 48 個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)準(zhǔn)備用中文發(fā)表一本訓(xùn)練手冊(cè)。她獲得了這個(gè)任務(wù) ，并且我可以像你保證，在 48 個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)，她學(xué)會(huì)了用中文打字。因?yàn)檫@是相關(guān)的、重要的、有意義的，她在使用一種工具來(lái)創(chuàng)造價(jià)值。因此，學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)語(yǔ)言的第二個(gè)工具是從第一天開(kāi)始，用你的語(yǔ)言作為一種工具來(lái)溝通，像一個(gè)孩子那樣做。
　　When I first arrived in China I didnamp。39。t speak a word of Chinese, and on my second week I got to take a train ride spent eight hours sitting in the dining car talking to one of the guards on the train. He took an interest in me for some reason, and we just chatted all night in Chinese and he was drawing pictures and making movements with his hands and facial expressions and piece by piece by piece I understood more and more.
　　當(dāng)我初次來(lái)到中國(guó)，我一句中文都不會(huì)說(shuō)。第二個(gè)星期我乘坐火車(chē)過(guò)夜。我花了 8 個(gè)小時(shí)，坐在餐車(chē)，跟一位乘警聊。因?yàn)槟撤N原因，他對(duì)我很感興趣。我們?cè)谀怯弥形牧牧苏梗S著他畫(huà)畫(huà)、比劃雙手并動(dòng)用他的面部表情，我逐漸地明白越來(lái)越多。
　　But what was really cool, was two weeks later, when people were talking Chinese around me, I was understanding some of this and I hadnamp。39。t even made any effort to learn that. What had happened? Iamp。39。d absorbed it that night on the train, which brings us to the third principle When you first understand the message, then you will acquire the language unconsciously.
　　但是真正有趣的是，兩個(gè)星期后，當(dāng)人們?cè)谖抑車(chē)f(shuō)中文的時(shí)候，我可以明白一些而且我并沒(méi)有為之付出任何努力。發(fā)生了什么?在火車(chē)的那晚我已經(jīng)吸收了中文，這也是我們要說(shuō)的第三個(gè)原則。當(dāng)你已經(jīng)理解溝通的信息含義，接下來(lái)你將不知不覺(jué)下意識(shí)的獲得該語(yǔ)言。
　　And this is really, really well documented now, itamp。39。s something called prehensible input and thereamp。39。s twenty or thirty years of research on this. Stephen Krashen, a leader in the field has published all sorts of these different studies and this is just from one of them.
　　而且這是有充足的證據(jù)證明的，我們把它稱之為”?？擅靼纵斎搿?。，而這個(gè)概念被研究了研究二三十年。此領(lǐng)域的佼佼者史蒂夫?？死臧l(fā)布了各類不同的學(xué)術(shù)研究成果，而這些數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)自他的一個(gè)報(bào)告。
　　The purple bars show the scores on different tests for language. The purple people were people who had learned by grammar and formal study, the green ones are the ones who learned by prehensible input. So, prehension is key and language learning is not about accumulating lots of knowledge. In many, many ways itamp。39。s about physiological training.
　　條形圖里面的紫色部分顯示不同語(yǔ)言測(cè)試的成績(jī)。紫色代表那些通過(guò)正式學(xué)習(xí)和學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法的人，綠色的代表那些通過(guò)可明白輸入學(xué)習(xí)的人。因此，可明白意思的輸入是有效的。理解是很關(guān)鍵的，而學(xué)語(yǔ)言本身不僅僅是獲取大量的知識(shí)。在很多方面，更多的是生理的訓(xùn)練。
　　A woman I know from Taiwan did great at English at school, she got A grades all the way through, went through college, A grades, went to the US and found she couldnamp。39。t understand what people were saying. And people started asking her: amp。lsquo。are you deaf?amp。39。
　　And she was. English deaf.
　　我認(rèn)識(shí)一位來(lái)自臺(tái)灣的女士，上學(xué)時(shí)英文成績(jī)很好，大學(xué)英語(yǔ)也很優(yōu)秀。后來(lái)，她到了美國(guó)，竟然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己聽(tīng)不懂別人在說(shuō)什么。然后人們開(kāi)始問(wèn)她：”。你是聾的嗎?”。她確實(shí)是。英語(yǔ)聾子。
　　Because we have filters in our brain that filter in the sounds that we are familiar with and they filter out the sounds of languages weamp。39。re not. And if you canamp。39。t hear it, you wonamp。39。t understand it and if you canamp。39。t understand it, youamp。39。re not going to learn it.
　　因?yàn)樵谖覀兇竽X里有一些過(guò)濾器會(huì)幫助我們過(guò)濾熟悉的語(yǔ)言聲音進(jìn)入腦子里，而把不熟悉的語(yǔ)言聲音過(guò)濾出去。如果你聽(tīng)不到，你不會(huì)明白。你聽(tīng)不明白，你將不能學(xué)會(huì)它。
　　So you actually have to be able to hear these there are ways to do that but itamp。39。s physiological training. Speaking takes muscle. Youamp。39。ve got fortythree muscles in your face,