【正文】 算的，貨物有一個或多個設(shè)施供應(yīng)，每個客戶只接收來自一個設(shè)施的貨物，潛在設(shè)施點位置已知，問題的目標是把哪些潛在的設(shè)施建立起來，以使的總的費用最小。表1中，各分類標準解釋如下：（1） 物品流向，單向物品流向問題指的是所有設(shè)施只進行輸入（供應(yīng)）或只進行輸出（回收）的操作；而雙向物品流向問題涉及的設(shè)施中有一部分既要輸入又要輸出。（10） 目標數(shù)量，LRP的目標通常是總的費用（包括建設(shè)設(shè)施費用和車輛運輸費用等）最小，但有時也需要考慮其他目標，比如滿足顧客的特殊需要、總體利潤量大化等等。而在解決實際規(guī)模問題時一般要采用啟發(fā)式算法。把隨機性引入LRP，更有利于解決實際問題。參考文獻1 Gilbert Laporte. The vehicle routing problem : An overview of exact and approximate Journal of Operational Research,1992,59 : 3453582 Alant Murray, Ross A. Gerrard. Capacitated service and regional constraints in locationallocation modeling. Location Science, 1997, 5(2) : 1031183 John Current, H. Min, . Schilling. Multiobjective analysis of facility location decisions. European Journal of Operational Research, 1990, 49 : 2953074 汪壽陽, 趙秋紅, 夏國平. 集成物流管理系統(tǒng)中的定位——運輸線路安排問題的研究. 管理科學學報, 2000, 3(2) : 69755 S. Salhi, . Rand. The effect of ignoring routes when locating deports. European Journal of Operational Research, 1989, 39 : 1501566 Maranzana . On the location of supply points to minimize transport cost. Operational Research Quarterly,1965,(15) : 2612707 . Webb. Cost functions in the location of deports for multipledelivery journeys. Operational Research Quarterly, 1968, (19) : 3113208 , . An algorithm for the vehicle dispatching problem. Operational Research Quarterly, 1969, (20) : 3093189 Leon Cooper. The TransportationLocation Problem. Operations Research, 1972, 20 : 9410810 Leon Cooper. An efficient heuristic algorithm for the transportation – location problem. Journal of Regional Science, 1976, 16(3) : 30931511 , . Depot location with van salesman – A practical approach. Omega, 1973, 1(3) : 32132912 , . A transportation, location – allocation model for regional blood banking. AIIE Transactions, 1979, 11(2) : 869513 ., Madsen. parative study of heuristics for a towlevel routing — location problem. European Journal of Operational Research, 1980, 5 : 37838714 Laporte G.,Nobert Y. A exact algorithm for minimizing routing and operating costs in depot location . European Journal of Operational Research,1981,6:22422615 Hokey Min, Vaidyanathan Jayaraman, Rajesh Srivastava. Combined location routing problems : A synthesis and future research directio