【正文】
。 但可說 a chemistry teacher(化學(xué) 老師 ),而不可說 a chemical teacher(化學(xué)原料做的老師 ?),但可說a chemical works(一家化工廠 )。out of order就是 in disorder,意為―亂七八糟的‖。 (5)value, price, cost, charge。情態(tài)動詞的用法復(fù)雜多變,在高考試題中,命題者 常常利用語境和句子之間意義上的細(xì)微差別來考查學(xué)生對情態(tài)動詞的理解和掌握。 could / might have done:表示對過去發(fā)生的動作的可能性推測,常譯作―可能做了……‖。 should not have done / ought not to have done:表示過去本不應(yīng)該做某事但事實上卻做了。分析語境可知本題應(yīng)選 D。 1. stomach n. 肚子,胃,復(fù)數(shù)為 stomachs。 e. g. He is working hard and clever as well many people can help him. He will probably ,人也聰 明;很多人愿意幫助他。 (3)I promised you not to say that. 我答應(yīng)你不說那件事。 We advise that steps (should) be taken at once. 我們建議立即采取措施。 1. plenty of 充分的,大量的,既可修可數(shù)名詞又可修不可數(shù)名詞,只用于陳述句, 在疑問句中一般用 enough,在否定句中用 many 或 much。 9. diet與 food的區(qū)別: diet指的是習(xí)慣的食物或規(guī)定的食物,特指維持健康的定量或定質(zhì)的食物。 (5)He is a promising boy. 他是一個有前途的男孩。 (2)possibly 可能地。 I’ m dieting. 4. disease n. 疾病 a serious disease of the liver 嚴(yán)重的肝病 diseased adj. 有病的 a diseased plant病態(tài)的植物 辨析: illness, disease illness:很少指具體疾病,只表示抽象的疾病和生病的狀態(tài)。故本題選 B。 need not have done:表示過去本來沒有必要做某事,但事實上卻做了。分析選項可知本題應(yīng)選 A。下面就近幾年來高考試題中出現(xiàn)的情態(tài)動詞的考點進(jìn)行歸納分析,以便同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)掌握。 (7)range, reach, distance, length。 八、名詞的同、近義詞辨析 [例 ] I’ m sure David will be able to find the library— he has a pretty good ______ of direction. A. ideaB. feeling C. experience D. sense [析 ] 名詞的同、近義詞辨析,不僅僅較多地應(yīng)用于書面 表達(dá),而且還可以較為靈活地設(shè)題于單項填空、完形填空或短文改錯題中。 另應(yīng)注意,除 man, woman常用―單單 (a woman doctor)‖、―復(fù)復(fù) (two women doctors)‖式,及一些特殊詞,如 a goods ship, the sports shoes, a clothes shop等以外,用作修飾詞的名詞,一般都要用單數(shù)式。 the C. a。 I can find you _____ bed in my flat. A. the。②把具體意義的名詞抽象化,從而賦予其不可數(shù)性。再例: She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning. (2020 高考福建卷改錯 ) [析 ] 英語中,名詞有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)的形式。 their parents sitting together joking 為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 【陷阱】容易誤選 B,認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句。 【分析】最佳答案是 D。 【分析】最佳答案為 C。 2. any 用于否定句和疑問句時,表示一些。 As many soldiers as marched were killed. 很多游行的戰(zhàn)士都被殺了。 You should read only such books as you can understand without much difficulty.(as 作賓語 ) 你應(yīng)當(dāng)只讀那些你讀起來不太難懂的書。 d) 先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時,只用 that。在復(fù) 習(xí)中,一定要注意句式的不同。如: Wilson became President of the U. S. A. 威爾遜當(dāng)了美國 總統(tǒng)。 在特殊情況下,若專有名詞需要特指,也可加定冠詞。 The students are too lazy. 這些學(xué)生太懶。 一、不定冠詞 不定冠詞 a, an 與 one 同源,表示微弱的―一‖的概念,但并不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目,用來表示不確定的人或事物。 The sun, the moon, the earth 3.表示地點、方向、時間、方式等 at the corner 在拐角處 1) 在表示季節(jié)的名 詞前常不用冠詞。 Wood is a poor conductor of sound. 木頭是聲音的不良導(dǎo)體。 She goes to church every Sunday. 她每周星期天都去做禮拜。 We are all interested in physics. 我們大家都對物理感興趣。 二、 關(guān)系代詞 who, whose, whom, which, that, as 1) which 可以引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句,代表前面整個句子的內(nèi)容,并且在從句中做主語 2) that的用法 1)不用 that的情況 a) 在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時。 Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。 We have arrived at the same conclusion as they have.(as 作賓語 ) 我們已得出和他們同樣的結(jié)論。比較 : He is such a nice boy that everyone likes him. He is such a nice boy as everyone likes. It is so difficult a problem that nobody can work it out. It is so difficult a problem as nobody can workout. 二、 AS引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 AS引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時 ,通常指的不是主句中的某一個名詞(先行詞 ),而是指整個主句表達(dá)的內(nèi)容 ,對主句所作的陳述進(jìn)行附加說明 ,意為―這 ...,如 ...或正如 ...‖。如: There are trees and flowers at each side of the road. 2. every 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體,表示三者或三者以上中的每一個,只能作定語,不能說 every of them ,要說 every one of them . Every student in our class works hard. 三 . no one 與 none 的用法 1. no one 意為沒有人,只能指人,不能指物,不可與介詞 of 連用,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,回答 who 引導(dǎo)的問句。況且,這樣理解意思也還通順。 【分析】最佳答案是 B,這不是非限制性定語從句,而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),因為空格后的動詞 invited 并不是一個完整的謂語,而是一個過去分詞。比較以下相似題: (1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 選 B。 (5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 選 B。改錯 ) [析 ] Many happy returns of the day! 是一句固定的生日祝語,相當(dāng)于漢語的―祝你年年有今日,歲 歲有今朝 !‖ returns 在此處便是約定俗成的用法。 the B. the。其??紵狳c如下: (1)抽象轉(zhuǎn)具體: pleasure, surprise, help, success, failure, danger, difficulty, wonder等意為― ...的人 / 物‖。 theD. a。如 : Day may break now, for the birds are singing outside. 五、名詞與形容詞定語的區(qū)別 [例 ] There have been sports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.(2020 全國高考 III本題的 keep sb pany就是一個典型的固定搭配式,意為―與……為伴‖。(2)family, home, house, room, space。 (10)accident, incident, affair, event, business, matter。 1.當(dāng)試題的前句和后句在動作和意義上相互補(bǔ)充說明,且整個句意在動作和時間上是一個整體時,我們可用―統(tǒng)一‖關(guān)系來解決這樣的試題。故本題選 A。 二、考查情態(tài)動詞基本用法之間的比較和辨析。 英語小竅門 He has a rare heart 。 6. promise v. amp。 8. advise, suggest用法 (1)advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事 advise doing sth. 建議做某事。 I like a simple diet