【正文】 By the fact that material carries out surface modification on TiO2 nanometer, may improve the nanometer particle in water disperse, electron and the pound having effect restraint optical excitation creation and, improve whose catalysis activity greatly. Treatment to chemical industry waste waterIndicate large amount of the result studying , nanometer TiO2 can catalyze a lot of oxide aqueous solution middle organic pollutants only , includes: Be encircled their alkenes , the thick gravy generation hydrocarbon (chloroform, carbon tetrachloride , dichloromethane , three chloroethylene)。 Acetic acid second vinegar。 Organic acid (formic acid , acetic acid, benzoic acid , benzene two formic acid , salicylic acid , three chlorine acetic acid)。 degradation generates innocuous innocuous oute again [16]. Dye+hυ(Vis)→Dye* (9) Dye*+TiO2→Dye (3)TiO2(eCB)+O2→TiO2+O2 The sharp titanium ore type anataseTiO2characteristic peak has (101) , (100) , (010) , (001) mainly , stabilize among them most with (101), can ascertain oute what structure TiO2 crystal belongs to. TiO2 absorbs the visible intensity than grain size and superficial area go hand in hand , TiO2 grain diameter size may secretly scheme against by the fact that Scherrer formula is on the march: d = 。 photocatalysis。同時(shí)制備光催化效果更好的催化劑，探討降解反應(yīng)機(jī)理，消除反應(yīng)中無(wú)機(jī)離子的影響，是本課題進(jìn)一步研究的方向所在。圖32 納米Bi2O3 / TiO2光催化劑對(duì)多種水溶性染料的脫色效果表31 納米Bi2O3 / TiO2光催化劑對(duì)多種水溶性染料的處理結(jié)果染料名稱速率常數(shù)相關(guān)系數(shù)半衰期/min脫色率/%Dyesk/min1RHalfvalue periodsDepolarization/%羅丹明B活性艷藍(lán) 偶氮蘭吡啰紅茜素紅 實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，復(fù)合光催化劑對(duì)多種水溶性染料均有較好處理效果，光照75min，溶液均褪至無(wú)色，%。并且TiO2顆粒尺寸隨著鉍氧化物摻雜量的增加而逐漸減小，不同摻雜量下顆粒尺寸如表22所示。 摻雜量對(duì)Bi2O3/TiO2復(fù)合光催化劑催化效果影響在上述試驗(yàn)條件下，摻雜不同量的Bi2O3，考察不同Bi2O3摻雜量對(duì)復(fù)合光催化劑性能的影響，對(duì)羅丹明B溶液的光催化降解試驗(yàn)結(jié)果如表22所示，由表22可見(jiàn)，%時(shí)樣品的光催化性能較好。把A溶液逐滴加入B溶液中，邊滴加邊攪拌得到白色膠體。這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)催化劑的量較少時(shí)，大量的有機(jī)物不能充分地與催化劑顆粒接觸，光源產(chǎn)生的光量子不能被充分利用；隨著催化劑用量的增加，光催化活性中心也增多，因而催化效果明顯增加；但當(dāng)催化劑增加到一定濃度時(shí)，催化劑吸收光量子能力達(dá)到飽和，多余的催化劑反而會(huì)對(duì)光源產(chǎn)生遮蔽作用，從而降低催化劑的光催化效果，同樣也造成了光催化劑的浪費(fèi)[11,12,13]。絕緣體Al2OSiOZrO2等大都起載體作用。催化劑催化效率與表面金屬粒子的數(shù)量有關(guān)，優(yōu)化催化劑表面金屬粒子數(shù)量可以更好地提高催化劑活性[7]。水熱過(guò)程的影響因素主要是溶液pH值、溶液濃度、反應(yīng)溫度和反應(yīng)時(shí)間等[2]。 2HO2OH是水中存在的氧化劑中反應(yīng)活性最強(qiáng)的，而且對(duì)作用物幾乎沒(méi)有選擇性。半導(dǎo)體材料之所以能作為光催化劑，是由其自身的光電特性決定的。復(fù)合Bi2O3/TiO2納米光催化劑的制備及性能研究摘 要二氧化鈦具有穩(wěn)定性好、光催化效率高和不產(chǎn)生二次污染等特點(diǎn),有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。根據(jù)定義，半導(dǎo)體粒子含有能帶結(jié)構(gòu)，通常情況下是由一個(gè)充滿電子的低能級(jí)價(jià)帶和一個(gè)空的高能級(jí)導(dǎo)帶構(gòu)成，它們之間由禁帶分開。光致電子的俘獲劑主要是吸附于TiO2表面的氧，它既可以抑制電子與空穴的復(fù)合，同時(shí)也是氧化劑，可以氧化已經(jīng)羥基化的反應(yīng)物，是表面羥基的另一個(gè)來(lái)源?！鶲2+H2O2H2O2+O2→HO其實(shí)，制備超細(xì)納米二氧化鈦粉體有多種方法，如溶膠凝膠法、水解法、氣相法、微乳液法和均勻沉淀法，而水熱法因其在高溫高壓下一次完成，無(wú)需后期晶化處理，所制得粉體粒度分布窄，如團(tuán)聚程度低，成分純凈，制備過(guò)程污染小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而研究較多[3]。 復(fù)合半導(dǎo)體復(fù)合半導(dǎo)體就是利用兩種甚至十多種半導(dǎo)體組分性質(zhì)差異的互補(bǔ)性來(lái)提高催化劑的活性，活性提高的原因在于不同性能的半導(dǎo)體的導(dǎo)帶和價(jià)帶的差異，使光生電子聚集在一種半導(dǎo)體的導(dǎo)帶，而空穴聚集在另外一種半導(dǎo)體的價(jià)帶，從而使光生載流子得到分離，大大提高了光催化效率。負(fù)載于適當(dāng)?shù)妮d體后，可獲得較大的表面結(jié)構(gòu)和適合的孔結(jié)構(gòu)，并具有一定的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度，以便在各種反應(yīng)床上應(yīng)用。 納米Bi2O3 / TiO2光催化劑對(duì)多種水溶性染料的降解試驗(yàn)為了考察納米Bi2O3 / TiO2光催化劑對(duì)其它水溶性染料脫色均有可行性，可以固定復(fù)合光催化劑的用量，分別與相同初始濃度的不同染料溶液混合用紫外燈照射，結(jié)果表明復(fù)合光催化劑對(duì)多種水溶性染料均有較好處理效果，光照一定時(shí)間溶液均會(huì)褪至無(wú)色，染料的脫色率達(dá)到很高的水平[14,15,16]。全部轉(zhuǎn)移到反應(yīng)釜后置于高溫高壓下恒溫2h并降壓后過(guò)濾得到樣品，在烘箱烘干2h后所得樣品既是納米Bi2O3/TiO2復(fù)合光催化劑。表22 不同摻雜量的顆粒尺寸和光催化活性摻雜量TiO2%Bi2O3 / TiO2%Bi2O3 / TiO2%Bi2O3 / TiO2粒徑/nm k/min1RD/%(60min) Bi2O3與TiO2復(fù)合可能主要是引起TiO2表面Ti3+的增加，即晶格中氧缺位增加，這會(huì)提高催化劑對(duì)氧的吸附能力，進(jìn)而提高TiO2催化劑的光催化活性。第3章 二氧化鈦對(duì)羅丹明B的光催化脫色實(shí)驗(yàn)光催化脫色試驗(yàn)是在斯東柯SGY1型多功能光反應(yīng)儀中進(jìn)行。另外，脫色反應(yīng)大多符合假一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程，反應(yīng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)方程和半衰期如表31所示。謝 辭在即將結(jié)束畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)之際，感謝***老師在實(shí)驗(yàn)方面給予的指導(dǎo)和幫助，實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)到最后的論文撰寫，都是在陳老師的悉心指導(dǎo)和關(guān)懷下完成的。 research progressPhotocatalysis material is that even, visible light irradiates go down untying chemistry matter of all kinds or kill once resemble having photocatalysis activity , being able to in the purple outside up bacterium39。(Lambda is Cu target wavelength nm, the beta is that the peak is partly broad, the theta is that the angle of diffraction, dare grain diameter size). The BET technology, the TiO2 pore surface area and the hole volume available BET technology (Brunauer Emmett Teller) analyzes determines。 (4)O2++TiO2(eCB) (10) TiO2(eCB)+O2→O2Organic alcohol (methanol, alcohol)。 Research progress formaldehyde, acetaldehyde。++O2 (5) Dye+OHs content are many, including: The surface with breaks (truncation) the surface appearance, the grain size and the boundary, the crystal defect, the contact surface atom proliferation mutually and so on.3 TiO2 nanomaterials the mechanism of photocatalytic degradationPhotocatalysis nanometer material is mostly semiconductor materials such as metallic oxide or sulphide , have peculiar electron structure , pared with metal, the semiconductor energy band is discontinuous , there exist a bigger forbidden band of width in between the mental deficiency valence band feeding an electron to the full and the empty space high energy conduction band. Think that they accept an energy when greater than takes ultraviolet crack energy brightness to irradiate, generate (e) the high activity electron thereby on conduction band, generate (the hole h+) having positive charge on the valence band on being in the electron that price has at hand being aroused to conduction band, the result electron having produced high activity in the semiconductor outside hole suits [3]. TiO2 UV photocatalytic mechanismThink that TiO2 catalyzes mechanism under irradiating in ultraviolet brightness is electron (e) hole (h +) theory monly now. Think that valence band an electron be aroused to conduction band ecb but has hole h + vb left in the valence band when UV is irradiated by the ultraviolet ray. From the ecb but deoxidation organic that the ultraviolet optical excitation produces (if dyestuff Dye) or accept body reaction with the electron (if O2 in the water attaching oneself to TiO2 outside or dissolving uses it39。 Weak basicity condition is beneficial to forming board titanium ore type TiO2. Secondly, different acid is