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ion ? Oral Communication ? Advantages: Speed and feedback. ? Disadvantage: Distortion of the message. ? Written Communication ? Advantages: Tangible and verifiable. ? Disadvantages: Time consuming and lacks feedback. ? Nonverbal Communication ? Advantages: Supports other munications and provides observable expression of emotions and feelings. ? Disadvantage: Misperception of body language or gestures can influence receiver’s interpretation of message. Source: Robbins, S. T. Organizational behavior(10th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc., 2021. : ; :; : Types of Nonverbal Cues Body motion Gestures, facial expressions, eye behavior, etc. Personal physical characteristics Paralanguage Use of space Physical environment Time Body shape, posture, body or breath odors, hair color, skin color, etc. Voice qualities, speech habits, laughing, etc. Ways people use and perceive space. Building and room design, furnishings, etc. Use of time, cultural differences in time perceptions. TYPE OF CUE EXPLANATION AND EXAMPLES Hellriegel, D., Slocum, Jr., J. W., amp。 ? 維繫與發(fā)展良好的工作關(guān)係。 溝通的目的(發(fā)布訊息、尋求資訊、建立共識(shí)、腦力激盪 …… )不同,溝通重點(diǎn)也就不同。北歐總裁的反應(yīng)立即引起南歐總裁的防衛(wèi)反應(yīng)。如果我們將對「好」的評(píng)價(jià)從 1到 100給予一個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù),請?jiān)谙铝械某叨壬希瑯?biāo)示出不同形容詞的位置??墒?,一般人卻還不在意呢?」 ? 有份調(diào)查顯示,人在表達(dá)一件事的時(shí)候,有七%靠言辭,三十%靠聲音,六十三%靠表情及動(dòng)作。其中人際技巧 ︰ 包含了聽的能力、語文溝通、有耐心、了解屬員的需求等,被評(píng)估為不論管理的層級(jí)為何,為有關(guān)管理者成功最重要的因素。 六、 管理者的聯(lián)絡(luò)角色: 由正式組織中各功能部門的管理者積極介入決策過程,並扮演決策規(guī)劃與資源分配的角