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外文翻譯--后薩班斯時(shí)代的內(nèi)部控制缺陷報(bào)告:審計(jì)人員與公司治理的作用-文庫(kù)吧在線文庫(kù)

  

【正文】 委員會(huì)中的金融專家對(duì)股價(jià)的積極反應(yīng)。因此,可以說,因?yàn)閷徲?jì)委員會(huì)的專家,為防止缺陷而存在的可能已建立了完備的制度和實(shí)施有效控制,從而導(dǎo)致報(bào)告那些缺陷的可能性較小??紤]到組成和不積極是由薩班斯法案規(guī)定,后者的變化有著更大的重要性。首先,我們把一小段時(shí)間內(nèi)的一個(gè)小樣本放在后薩班斯時(shí)代中對(duì)其內(nèi)部控制進(jìn)行研究時(shí),我們投入了大量的精力和物力。我們把我們的調(diào)查結(jié)果當(dāng)作是對(duì)未來研究的準(zhǔn)備,通過檢查一個(gè)更大和更具代表性的樣本來延伸我們的研究。值得一提的是,審計(jì)委員會(huì)的會(huì)議次數(shù)和審計(jì)委員會(huì)專家的比例,可能在研究的時(shí)間段會(huì)因?qū)ω?cái)務(wù)報(bào)告問題認(rèn)識(shí)的不同已發(fā)生重大變化。我們認(rèn)為 ,這是配套的金融專業(yè)知識(shí)在薩班斯法案中受重視的結(jié)果,也是對(duì)專業(yè)知識(shí)的要求要比簡(jiǎn)單的提名一名成員更重要,以滿足證券交易所的要求。 結(jié)論和局限因素 本文的目的是研究在后薩班斯時(shí)代審計(jì)報(bào)告和審計(jì)委員會(huì)對(duì)內(nèi)部控制薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的作用。這將導(dǎo)致內(nèi)部控制出現(xiàn)缺陷的可能性減小。這些調(diào)查結(jié)果延伸到各委員會(huì)中去,將意味著審計(jì)委員會(huì)的規(guī)模越大,委員會(huì)可能會(huì)越有效。在薩班斯法案提出的大部分內(nèi)容下,審 計(jì)委員會(huì)的作用已 大大增強(qiáng),委員會(huì)已對(duì)成員提出了特殊要求。 我們的研究對(duì)內(nèi)部控制方面的文獻(xiàn),薩班斯法案的制定和審計(jì)委 員會(huì)的作用方面都作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。公司報(bào)告的弱點(diǎn)中也有審計(jì)師經(jīng)常變化和審計(jì)師重述以前財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表的特點(diǎn)。內(nèi)部控制報(bào)告有弱點(diǎn)的企業(yè)中,財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 優(yōu)先重述的比例也較高 。 Peecher, 2020).2 The objective of this study is to provide preliminary empirical evidence on the role of two important governance agents, audit mittees and auditors, in reporting internal control deficiencies required under section 404 of the SOX. In studying the disclosures on internal controls under section 404, we assume that firms that report internal control weaknesses are the only firms with such weaknesses and firms that do not report any such weaknesses (firms that we use as control group) are not subject to weaknesses at the time of the study. While we have verified that control firms did not report any weaknesses at the time of the study, it is possible that some of these firms had internal control weaknesses but report them in subsequent periods. To the extent we have misidentified a control firm as one without a weakness, the procedure biases against finding any significant results. We contribute to the literature on internal controls, impact of SOX, and the role of audit mittees. Our finding that the audit mittee activity rather than its position is associated with the timely reporting of internal control deficiencies suggests that future studies have to examine attributes of governance other than size of audit mittee or the number of independent directors because the changes brought about by SOX essentially create uniformity in these variables. Our finding that firms that report internal control deficiencies have lesser proportion of financial experts suggests that the role of expertise is better examined by defining it as a proportion rather than as a dummy variable as done in many auditing studies. Finally, we highlight the role of prior restatements in addressing firms that report weak internal controls as restatements occur more for these firms and the restatements have a significant impact in altering governance structures. HYPOTHESIS DEVELOPMENT The role of audit mittees in developing and maintaining sound internal controls has been demonstrated by several studies (BRC, 1999。 significant changes have been required by the SOX in the position of the audit mittee。公司治理和外部審計(jì)員的作用已經(jīng)被越來越多的公司所接受,管理質(zhì)量和外部審計(jì)人員的素 質(zhì)很可能對(duì)能夠保證財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告重要性的良好內(nèi)部控制維持起著很大的作用。 根據(jù)對(duì) 404 條款下內(nèi)部控制信息披露的研究 ,我們 發(fā)現(xiàn)公司在披露內(nèi)部控制報(bào)告有弱點(diǎn)時(shí)只是指出有薄弱環(huán)節(jié),但是不會(huì)對(duì)任何弱點(diǎn)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)說明和闡述(此公司,我們只是作為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)照組來使用),而在這次研究當(dāng)中,那些沒有披露內(nèi)部控制弱點(diǎn)的公司更本不會(huì)在意這些弱點(diǎn)。之前的研究還驗(yàn)證了關(guān)于盈余操縱和重述審計(jì)委員會(huì)在更廣方面的作用 (克萊因, 2020,阿博特等, 2020)。較大的委員會(huì),更有可能參與在更大治理過程中,而且更容易控制和出具更全面的報(bào)告。貝達(dá)德等( 2020 年)發(fā)現(xiàn),審計(jì)委員會(huì)中專家可以降低公司的盈余管理成本。請(qǐng)注意,薩班斯法案要求披露專家和證券交易所的存在,要求審計(jì)委員會(huì)的專家在場(chǎng)。這表明,研究在后薩班斯時(shí)期內(nèi)的有效治理可能涉及到各委員會(huì)的活動(dòng)超過單純的構(gòu)成。第二,正如在引言中所提到的,我們的設(shè)計(jì)是假設(shè)我們的樣本企業(yè)有內(nèi)部控制薄弱環(huán)節(jié),而不是因?yàn)槠髽I(yè)本身沒有弱點(diǎn)而沒有在 報(bào)告中披露弱點(diǎn)。 出處 :戈帕爾克里希南和科那庫(kù)瑪福斯那瑟 .報(bào)告在后薩班斯時(shí)代的內(nèi)部控制缺陷 :審計(jì)員與公司治理的作用 [J].國(guó)際審計(jì)期刊 ,2020,( 2): 7390. 。 正如在導(dǎo)言中提到的,在這次研究中,報(bào)告的原因和結(jié)果以及修補(bǔ)內(nèi)部控制缺陷可能比經(jīng)過深思熟慮的管理機(jī)制更復(fù)雜。我們的研究結(jié)果還表明,一個(gè)金融專家比例較小的委員會(huì)更有可能在報(bào)告中披露內(nèi)部控制的弱點(diǎn)。因此,我們假設(shè)更多的專家將帶來更有效的審計(jì)委員會(huì),因此我們把重點(diǎn)放在專家比例上(審計(jì)委員會(huì)、董事會(huì)、審計(jì)委員
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