【正文】 igh voice ______ out in the to be be to hear early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, taxsupported schools must be set up in every town ______ 50 households or have had building project ______ next year is, I think, not easy ______ in carried out。The vase is is the a nice person to work found the story ）可以起副詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作狀語。教學(xué)難點掌握分詞、動名詞在句子中的作用分詞作定語和狀語的異同注意非謂語動詞與句子謂語動詞的時間關(guān)系，以確定非謂語動詞的時態(tài)形式教學(xué)要點非謂語動詞和獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要用法如下： 、賓語；； ；教學(xué)步驟I謂語動詞目前學(xué)過的有哪些？(一般現(xiàn)在時，經(jīng)常性動作）(一般過去時，過去的動作）+ (現(xiàn)在進行時，表正在進行）+ (過去進行時，過去正在進行） + am/is/are going to + V.(一般將來時，將來要做的動作） + was/were going to + V.(過去將來時，過去某個時間點開始的將來）+ （現(xiàn)在完成時，到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)做了什么） + （過去完成時，到過去某個點為止已經(jīng)做了什么）II非謂語動詞有幾個？是什么？ + III Eating too much is bad for our over spilt milk is no use.(覆水難收）（只能做某些及物動詞的賓語）她昨天讀完了那本小說。The teacher gave us a writing class.（定語）。Refusing invitations is not always easy.（主語）。、賓語的用法。一．非謂語動詞與謂語動詞之區(qū)別：1．相同之處：1）可以有賓語： He bought a was considering buying a wanted to buy a )可以被狀語修飾：He always gets up very is used to getting up )可以有“體”式和語態(tài)的變化： She has finished her finished her work,she went is treated insisted on being treated )可以有自己的邏輯主語： My wife often works dislike my wife’s working was a hot being a hot day, we stayed ．不同之處：1）可以起名詞作用（如：不定式和動名詞），在句中作主、賓、表語。having 。trembling。Coming into the room, he lied on his ，他就躺在床上。（是別人給我理發(fā)）She has her bike 。China is a developing 39。I remember meeting him in the remember to write a letter to my )“stop + 動名詞”表示停止動名詞所表示的動作，“stop + 不定式”表示停下來做不定式所表示的動作。動名詞的被動形式 ：（當(dāng)動名詞和它的邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系時，用動名詞的被動形式來表示?！駝?名 詞動名詞是由動詞原形 + ing 構(gòu)成，同現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，在句中可作主語，賓語，表語和定語。Can you tell me where to get the ？Do you know how to get to the ？帶邏輯主語的不定式：動詞不定式可以帶有自己的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成方法是： for + 邏輯主語 + 不定式。She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet ，從一種西藏花中提取某種有用的藥物。：某些及物動詞可以用動詞不定式作賓語，這些動詞有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, I wish is to learn English like to help others if I 。I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.（to have kept...是不定式的完成形式）Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.（Seen from...是分詞的被動形式）非謂語動詞在句中可以當(dāng)成名詞或者形容詞來使用。Miss Mary teaches us 。12．(2009 福建)________not to miss the flight at 15：20, the manager set out for the airport in a ．RemindingB．RemindedC．To remindD．Having reminded【答案與解析】B 題意：有人提醒經(jīng)理不要錯過15：20的航班，他匆忙出發(fā)去了機場。s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ________ presents for my ．buyB．to buyC．buyingD．to have bought【答案與解析】B 題意：父親節(jié)將要到來，我已經(jīng)從銀行取了一些錢給爸爸買禮物。B項表示的是“將要被發(fā)現(xiàn)”的意思，根據(jù)題意“到目前為止還沒有人來認(rèn)領(lǐng)在圖書館被發(fā)現(xiàn)的錢”可判斷選A項。三、非謂語動詞作狀語的區(qū)別過去分詞表示被動和動作完成；現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動和動作正在進行；不定式表示目的。一、非謂語動詞作定語時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)作定語，表示一個主動的或正在進行的動作；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動語態(tài)(being done)表示一個被動的、正在進行的動作；不定式(to do)作定語表示一個將要發(fā)生的動作。She lets us meet her at the 。Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown ，這些大白菜還可以長得更好。1．過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語，作用相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。二、動詞不定式1．省略“to”的動詞不定式to是動詞不定式常常帶有的小品詞，是動詞不定式的標(biāo)志。2．疑問詞＋動詞不定式疑問詞what，which，how，where，when等可以和動詞不定式連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語。The meeting which will be held tomorrow is very 。To catch the first bus, he got up ，他起得很早。由于時間狀語before the end of this term表達未來的時間，所以空格處使用動詞不定式表示將來，充當(dāng)readings的定語。9．(2010陜西)His first book ________ next month is based on a true ．publishedB．to be publishedC．to publishD．being published【答案與解析】B 此處是非謂語動詞作后置定語，由時間狀語next month可知所填非謂語動詞表示將來的動作，由于動詞不定式其邏輯主語是所修飾的名詞book，不定式與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系，故用不定式的被動式。14．(2009北京)All of them try to use the power of the workstation ________ information in a more effective ．presentingB．presentedC．being presentedD．to present【答案與解析】D 題意：他們都盡力使用工作區(qū)的力量來更加有效地呈現(xiàn)信息。（do 用原形）非謂語動詞的特征：如果非謂語動詞是及物動詞，后面須跟賓語。s my pleasure to help ，而用 it 作形式主語放在原主語的位置上。 ：What I should do is to finish the task 。s unfair not to tell 。s necessary for us to help each 。s no use waiting here, let39。能跟動名詞的動詞有：avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can39。s stop to have a 。分詞和動名詞都可以作定語，判斷是分詞還是動名詞，可以根據(jù)它們和被修飾詞有無邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系來判斷，有主謂關(guān)系的是分詞，否則判斷為動名詞。not + 分詞Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to ，她停下來等著。Having had my supper, I went out for a ，我出去散步了。swimming swim。to plete out。They are working hard to win still