【正文】 more and more convergence and public awareness makes them to lose the courage and desire to express. Second, the spirit of creativity advocated by individualism is also a good aspect that could be used. It is said that from 1901 to 1984 there are 130 American people achieved Nobel Prize。 second is to be responsible for one’s belief, which means not dare the authority, only accept the truth, and think less of one’s own interests. However, in Chinese culture individualism only refers to selfish, which is quite different from it in American culture, for in America, God give one’s own interests and it takes to be granted. In 1918, Hushi said that developing one’ individuality, two ways should be followed. One is the sense of freedom。 he said that American people treat individualism 13 not as a shorting but a perfect moral. It stands for creativity, innovative, a spirit of proactive and a proud of never yield to the authority. To some extent, American people are proud of individualism and they agree with individualism. They believe in the dignity and the sanctity of the individual. Any action that interfere the individual is not moral but also blaspheming the God. So it can be said that the highest ideal of America and the most valuable world attitude is individualism. For the Americans, to give up individualism means to abandon their profound identity. Under the putational economic system, American enterprises always take advantage of layoffs to keep the pany to tide over the difficulties. Some think it is the performance of individualism, but on the other hand, they sacrificed the interests of individual in order to keep their collective . their pany, in a good condition, so that more staffs could keep their interests. From that point of view, in America, individualism bines with collectivism. No matter what kind of criticism the others give to individualism, American people still hold their faith, and worship their unique culture of individualism. 4. Individualism in China The Recognitions of Individualism in China Individualism in China is quite different from it in America. If individualism in America emphasizes on the specific individual behavior, it emphasizes on spiritual individual in China. In traditional Chinese culture, individualism has never existed. However, it does not mean individualism 14 cannot be analyzed by Chinese culture, and there are no cultural origins of individualism in Chinese culture. In early Confucianism, “gentlemen seek harmony but not uniformity” has already had something to do with individualism. This kind of thinking especially emphasizes on freeing oneself from mental which really influences the rising of pastoral poetry in ancient times. It advocates giving up the fame and seeking for liberation of spirit and happiness of life. When individualism is introduced into China, different scholars hold different opinions on it. One side is individualism should be criticized, for it is a decadent idea that origin from capitalism. China advocate collectivism, so it is hard for Chinese people to accept a new idea that quite different from their faith. Hushi represents the other side。 I am not you and you are not I. meanwhile, they also 6 emphasize on independence and selfreliance. What they are proud of is the achievement that gained by oneself but not through the help that given by other people. Therefore, in American people’s eyes, individualism is worth being proud of and it brands with the characteristic of American culture. Second is negative, refers to one is insatiable of profits。 Liberalism is the individualism in thoughts。產(chǎn)生這種差異的根本原因 在 于中美兩 國不同的文化背景。只有真正認(rèn)識、理解了個人主義 的精髓 ，才能從根本上消除中國人對個人主義產(chǎn)生的誤讀以及對個人主義錯誤的運(yùn)用。 never imitate. Your own gift you can present every moment with the cumulative force of a whole life’s cultivation。 the others are 10 in Soviet Union and 5 in Japan. However, there are only six Chinese people gained Nobel Prize and some of them are Chinese descents. That is due to the Chinese people lack of ability to blaze new trails, and overemphasize on collectivism makes they rely more on other people rather than cultivate their own ability of creativity. Receiving passively bees quite mon. Furthermore， the individuality that admitted by individualism also can help a lot to the construction and development of Chinese society. Building a socialist country with Chinese characteristics and the principle of one country, 9 two systems are both based on the principle of individuality. The leader of China found a developing way for China itself. 3. Individualism in America The Source of Individualism As to the origin of individualism, different scholars have different recognitions. The concept of individual of Americans rooted in the philosophy in 17th century represented by British philosopher Lock. Lock claimed that the basic unit of the nature is individual, and he presumed that all the individuals fought for their own interests. Individualism firstly appeared in the French Revolution, which created by SaintSimon camp to express situation of the people in the 19th century, that is rootless, idealess and faithless, and their merciless petition and exploitation. Nevertheless, the much suitable recognition is Renaissance and reformation. Since Renaissance, the attitude towards liberalism has begun to form. The main construction for the liberalism given by Renaissance is humanism and the individualism. When the writer, the artist and the thinker talk about human, they refer to the individual more and more. If Renaissance is the beginning of individualism, the reformation prompts the further development of individualism. In western world, religious play an important role of the individualism’s formation. God create human and give the soul to everyone that means He also gives people