【正文】 ay be called upon to restrain people under panic conditions a load of up to 3 kN/m may be exerted.若如果要求用護(hù)欄來約束可能回用于抑制處于恐慌狀態(tài)下的人員，則可以施加護(hù)欄應(yīng)可承受高達(dá)3kN/m以下的荷載壓力。Treads shall be designed for a distributed loading of not less than kN per linear metre of stairway width or a concentrated loading of not less than 1 kN, whichever loading produces the more adverse effect.，或者是不少于1kN的集中負(fù)荷荷載，以造成更壞影響的為準(zhǔn)。若有的話，使用的原料所用材料必須符合相關(guān)澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定（若有的話）；若無相關(guān)澳洲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，則應(yīng)遵守英國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或其他公認(rèn)的規(guī)范。若使用鍍鋅管，（見注釋）。NOTE: Attention is drawn to the minimum design loads given in Section .注釋：注：。 Bolts The permissible working stresses and sizes for bolts shall be as specified in AS 4100.螺釘。若使用保護(hù)層防護(hù)涂層，則涂層必須符合相應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。CAUTION: CARE MUST BE EXERCISED FOR WELDED APPLICATIONS IN THE DESIGN OF ALUMINIUM STRUCTURES TO ENSURE ADEQUATE WELD JOINT STRENGTH.警告：對鋁結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計進(jìn)行焊接時，必須小心確保足夠的焊縫強(qiáng)度。走道坡度最大為20度（包括20度）。NOTE: It is remended that provision be made for drainage.注釋：注：建議制定排水相關(guān)的規(guī)定。除非由管理機(jī)構(gòu)批準(zhǔn)，否則平臺和走道上方的豎向凈空凈高必須大于2000毫米。Where there is a fixed structure not more than 100 mm distance from both sides of a walkway, the clear width of the walkway measured between the two structures shall be not less than 600 mm.若走道兩側(cè)均有距其不到100毫米的固定結(jié)構(gòu)，則在兩個結(jié)構(gòu)之間實(shí)測的的走道凈寬為兩個結(jié)構(gòu)之間距離，從兩個結(jié)構(gòu)之間測量，不得少于小于600毫米。走道坡度大于1：（）且小于1：2（）時，且應(yīng)在中介平面中間高度層裝配一個或多個梯段平臺。Where cleats are used, they shall be fixed across the walkways to provide a safe foothold. 若使用夾板，則應(yīng)跨走道固定，以便提供一個安全的立足點(diǎn)。距離高度差超過450毫米的相鄰各層之間的通行通道必須符合遵照第四章或第五章的要求。Welding of steel ponents shall be in accordance with AS . Welding of aluminium ponents shall be in accordance with AS 1665.鋼構(gòu)件的焊接必須遵守AS ?；炷猎媳仨氉袷谹S 3600標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的相關(guān)要求。 Ladders The quality of the timber and the species used in the construction of fixed ladders and step ladders shall ply with the appropriate requirements of AS .梯子。未鍍鋅管的端部應(yīng)密封，防止?jié)駳膺M(jìn)入。不得使用拼合管。The system shall be designed so that joints will withstand the design load and the method of fixing or assembly does not weaken the intrinsic strength of the structure or system.系統(tǒng)在設(shè)計時，必須確保接頭處能夠承受設(shè)計荷載，并且固定或裝配的方法不會減弱結(jié)構(gòu)或系統(tǒng)的固有強(qiáng)度。.5kPa均勻分布的迭加荷載。NOTES:注釋：注：1 Remended minimum dimensions for typical ponents of guardrailing prising posts and rails are given in Appendix A.包括立柱和橫桿在內(nèi)的護(hù)欄常見構(gòu)件的建議最小尺寸請見附錄A。.5kPa均勻分布的迭加活荷載，或者是施加在能夠承載對任一點(diǎn)處集中施加不少于1000N的集中荷載負(fù)荷，以造成最壞影響的為準(zhǔn)。 Step ladder — a ladder consisting of stiles, treads and handrails.踏板式梯子－由梯框、踏板和扶手組成的梯子。 and 消除或減輕危險或風(fēng)險的方法的有效性和適當(dāng)性；以及(d) the cost of removing or mitigating that hazard or risk. 消除或減輕危害或風(fēng)險的代價成本。 Nosing — the rounded edge of the tread projecting over the riser.突沿—－突出于樓梯豎板的踏板的圓形邊緣。 Floor — the surface of a platform, walkway, or landing.地板－平臺、走道或梯段平臺的表面。NOTES:注釋：注：1 Some structures and vehicles will be unable to ply with all the requirements of this Standard. Special structures include radio masts, towers, portable on farm lightweight silos, and the like. Vehicles include road tankers, waste disposal trucks, and the like.一些結(jié)構(gòu)和車輛無法滿足本《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》所有要求。CONTENTS目錄Page頁碼SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 第一章 范圍和概述總則 范圍4 APPLICATION 適用用途 4 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS參考文獻(xiàn) 4 定義 5SECTION 2 STRUCTURAL DESIGN, MATERIALS AND WELDING第二章 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計、原料與焊接 設(shè)計7 MATERIALS 原料 7 WELDING 焊接 8SECTION 3 PLATFORMS, CONTINUOUS WALKWAYS, AND STEPS WITH LANDINGS第三章 平臺、連續(xù)走道及帶平臺的階梯 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 一般要求 9 PROTECTION AT SIDES, ENDS, EDGES, AND OPENINGS 側(cè)邊、端部、邊緣和開口處的防護(hù). . . .9 設(shè)計10 GUARDRAILING 護(hù)欄 10SECTION 4 STAIRWAYS 第四章 樓梯 WIDTH AND ANGLE OF SLOPE 寬度和坡度 12 梯段12 樓梯12 LANDINGS 梯段平臺 12 GUARDRAILING 護(hù)欄 12 HANDRAILING 扶手 12SECTION 5 FIXED LADDERS 第五章 固定梯子 間距 15 ACCESS THROUGH HORIZONTAL OPENINGS 通過水平開口進(jìn)入 15 LADDER LANDINGS 梯段平臺 15 GUARDRAILING 護(hù)欄 15 LADDERS 踏板式梯子 17 RUNG LADDERS踏棍式梯子 17 INDIVIDUALRUNG LADDERS (STEPIRONS)梯級固定的梯子（階梯腳踏） 21APPENDICES 附錄A TYPICAL COMPONENT DIMENSIONS AND SPACINGS FOR GUARDRAILING 常見元件規(guī)格常見構(gòu)件尺寸和護(hù)欄間距 26B TESTING OF GUARDRAIL POSTS 護(hù)欄立柱試驗(yàn) 28C TESTING OF GUARDRAILS 護(hù)欄試驗(yàn) 29STANDARDS AUSTRALIA澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局Australian Standard澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways, and ladders —Design, construction and installation固定平臺、走道、樓梯和梯子的設(shè)計、施工與安裝SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL第一章 范圍與概述總則 SCOPE This Standard sets out requirements for the design, construction, and installation of fixed platforms, walkways, stairways, and ladders which are intended to provide means of safe access to and safe working at places normally used by operating, inspection, maintenance, and servicing personnel.范圍。許可可能附有一定條件或支付適量特約使用金。 加入對鋁合金最小拉伸屈服應(yīng)力的要求。若發(fā)現(xiàn)《澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中出現(xiàn)任何錯誤或含糊之處，請立即通知我們，以便我方調(diào)查問題并采取適當(dāng)措施。因此本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的使用者可以確信其使用的是最新版本以及版本修正內(nèi)容。固定平臺、走道、樓梯與梯子的設(shè)計、施工與安裝培訓(xùn)資料作者：日期：Australian Standard174?！栋拇罄麃啒?biāo)準(zhǔn)》的評審：為了保持與工業(yè)進(jìn)步接軌，《澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》接受定期評審，并通過發(fā)行修正內(nèi)容或新版本（必要時）來保持最新。歡迎對《澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》提出的改進(jìn)建議，可寄往澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局總公司。(b) incorporating a minimum tensile yield stress requirement for aluminium alloys。除非《版權(quán)法》規(guī)定或滿足以下條件外，在未獲得澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局書面許可的前提下，任何人不得翻制澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局發(fā)行的出版物或軟件，也不得以任何形式儲存在檢索系統(tǒng)中或經(jīng)任何形式傳播。澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局可隨時更改此規(guī)定。Where it is not reasonably practicable to meet the full requirements of this Standard, advice should be sought from the regulatory authority.若現(xiàn)實(shí)中無法滿足本《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》全部要求不合理可行，則應(yīng)向管理機(jī)構(gòu)尋求意見。為達(dá)本《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》采用之目的，下列定義適用： Accepted — accepted by the authority having jurisdiction.公認(rèn)－獲得權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)可。 Landing — a level area used to provide access to a stairway or ladder, or located at an intermediate level in a system of stairways or ladders.梯段平臺－樓梯或梯子入口的水平面，或位于為一套樓梯或梯子系統(tǒng)的中介平面中間高度層上。 對于此類危害或風(fēng)險的了解程度，以及消除或減輕危險或風(fēng)險的方式的了解程度；(c) the availability and suitability of ways to remove or mitigate that hazard or risk。 Stairway — a sloping stepped structure having not less than three rises and having a slope within the range of degrees to 45 degrees inclusive.樓梯－一種有坡度帶踏步的結(jié)構(gòu)，梯級不少于三級，（包含）。地板的設(shè)計荷載必須為該結(jié)構(gòu)的靜荷載加上不少于2Where extra severe