中國(guó)中長(zhǎng)期教育規(guī)劃中的教育財(cái)政政策(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 t Company Logo 《 規(guī)劃綱要 》 中教育財(cái)政政策的規(guī)定 （ 2）完善投入機(jī)制 ? 進(jìn)一步明確各級(jí)政府提供公共教育服務(wù)的職責(zé)，完善各級(jí)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)投入機(jī)制，保障學(xué)校辦學(xué)經(jīng)費(fèi)的穩(wěn)定來(lái)源和增長(zhǎng)。 二、 《 規(guī)劃綱要 》 確定教育財(cái)政政策的考慮 增加教育投入政策的考慮與討論 完善教育投入機(jī)制政策的考慮 加強(qiáng)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)管理政策的考慮 完善學(xué)生資助體系政策的考慮 Company Logo （ 4） Improve the Financial Aid System No only improving the existent aid policies for pulsory, middleschool level vocational, and higher educations, but also expand the aids to preschool and general upper high school educations B. Concerns on the Finance Policies in the Outline On increasing the investment On enhancing the mechanism On strengthening the fund management On improving the financial aid system Company Logo 增加教育投入政策的考慮與討論 ? 教育經(jīng)費(fèi)不足是中國(guó)教育發(fā)展中長(zhǎng)期存在的問(wèn)題。 Company Logo On enhancing the mechanism ? Chiefly two ways: One is to ask each level of government to establish standards of per student expenditure/financing for each level of education. The other is to clarify governments’ responsibilities on each level of education ? The first way is to make sure the education demand and use it to determine the government responsibility as well as assess their performance ? While the responsibilities of different level governments on pulsory education have been clarified since 2020, the governments’ investment responsibilities on non pulsory education are still vague. So, the Outline suggests that it should be the government taking the key responsibility on non pulsory education, supplemented by personal and other social contributions. It also tries to clarify the different responsibilities. Company Logo 加強(qiáng)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)管理政策的考慮 ? 在教育經(jīng)費(fèi)長(zhǎng)期短缺的同時(shí)，中國(guó)還存在教育經(jīng)費(fèi)使用效率不高、甚至貪污浪費(fèi)的現(xiàn)象，還存在教育經(jīng)費(fèi)分配不合理、學(xué)校財(cái)務(wù)監(jiān)督不力等問(wèn)題。 ? 三是建立普通高中家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生國(guó)家資助制度 。 ? 使人民代表大會(huì)成為教育預(yù)算的真正決策者，擁有較充足財(cái)政資源的中央和省級(jí)政府承擔(dān)更大的教育投入責(zé)任。 ? It is crucial to reasonably determine the roles of governments/individuals and their relationship in the education financing. In China’s case, the responsibilities could be set based on public private and categorical differences Expectations and Suggestions_ enhancing the mechanism Company Logo ? 建立高等教育撥款咨詢委員會(huì)、政府委派高?？倳?huì)計(jì)師和教育經(jīng)費(fèi)使用績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)制度等改革措施，主要適用于公共教育經(jīng)費(fèi)和公辦學(xué)校的管理。中央政府應(yīng)該承擔(dān)高校學(xué)生貸款的擔(dān)保責(zé)任，激勵(lì)商業(yè)銀行擴(kuò)大助學(xué)貸款，提高家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生進(jìn)入高等學(xué)校的機(jī)會(huì)。在中國(guó)目前的情況下，應(yīng)區(qū)分公辦學(xué)校和民辦學(xué)校，區(qū)分不同類別的教育來(lái)確定投入責(zé)任。 ? The tuition amp。 ? 《 規(guī)劃綱要 》 提出了完善學(xué)生資助體系的幾項(xiàng)政策 ： ? 一是提高農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難寄宿生生活補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，改善中小學(xué)生營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀況。 ? 2020年后義務(wù)教育全面納入財(cái)政保障，政府責(zé)任明確且基本到位。 ? 建立經(jīng)費(fèi)使用績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)制度，加強(qiáng)重大項(xiàng)目經(jīng)費(fèi)使用的考評(píng)。 ? 提高國(guó)家財(cái)政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（ GDP）的比例， 2020年達(dá)到 4%。中國(guó)中長(zhǎng)期教育規(guī)劃中的教育財(cái)政政策 北京師范大學(xué) 袁連生 Education Finance Policies in China’s Mediumtolongterm Education Reform amp。主要有三方面內(nèi)容： （ 1）增加教育投入 ? 優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，統(tǒng)籌各項(xiàng)收入，把教育作為財(cái)政支出的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域優(yōu)先予以保障。高等學(xué)校建立政府委派總會(huì)計(jì)師的制度。 ? 要求各地制定各級(jí)學(xué)校生均經(jīng)費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和生均財(cái)政撥款標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，目的是確定教育經(jīng)費(fèi)需求，并通過(guò)需求來(lái)提出政府的供給責(zé)任，以及衡量政府履行責(zé)任的程度。 Company Logo On strengthening the fund management ? Besides the lack of investment, there are many other problems of education investment, such as the low costeffectiveness, corruption, unequal allocation, and weak supervision. ? Establish the consulting mittee to provide suggestions of the standard, priority and procedure of higher education funding, which help make scientific and distributions of funds ? Assign chief accountants to
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