外文翻譯--政府財(cái)政和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)以政策的視角看斯里蘭卡發(fā)展中的經(jīng)濟(jì)(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 c distinction between internal and external debt. An internal debt is like redistribution from one section of the society to another. As such, it entails no burden, if we put debtors and creditors on the same footing. An external debt,on the other hand, is definitely a burden to the national economy and has a bearing on its creditworthiness as perceived by international increase in Government budget deficit adds to the existing public the Government raises tax rates in the future to retire this debt, there may be associated inefficiencies. In Regaining Sri Lanka (Sri Lanka 2020), the Government therefore proposed building a “worldclass Revenue Authority” that incorporated. Summary:In the present paper, we have analysed the twin problems of Government budget deficits and mounting public debt in Sri Lanka in the context of economic growth. While analysing the data on the Government budgets from 1975 to 2020, the authors found a current primary surplus throughout. The Government’s current purchases of goods and services have not exceeded its total tax and nontax collections. However, the total current expenditures of the Government have fallen short of the tax and nontax revenues. The ratio of Government investment expenditures to the budget deficit has also been low. This leads the authors to conclude that the Government’s transfer payments and its interest payments on past debt have been the two main reasons for the cumulating budget deficits,resulting in the snowballing public debt in the economy. The continuing internal ethnic conflict has also put a heavy burden on the Government. In order to reverse this trend, the Government’s policy document Regaining Sri Lanka (Sri Lanka, 2020) proposed a twopronged action plan consisting of reductions in the Government’s expenditures as well as increased revenue through a “worldclass Revenue Authority”. The authors find that the past trend of the Government’s total tax and nontax revenues is close to the projections of revenues made in the policy document, under the proposed revenue system. Therefore, the only two areas where the Government really has space to manoeuvre are its transfer payments in the form of social welfare programmes and attempts to retire past present study has quantified the extent to which it would be possible for the Government to augment resources by curtailing such welfare expenditures as mentioned above. The table showed the extent of real resource augmentation that would have been possible after the year 1988, if the growth rate of the current expenditures of the GovernmentGovernment consumption expenditures series had been reduced to per cent per annum (half the actual rate). Those additional real resources could therefore have augmented Government investment in areas where private investment is slow to venture. In this way, the current deficit of the Government could have been reduced and an increase in Government investment could have stimulated growth. An outline of the integrated macroeconometric and inputoutput model developed for the Sri Lankan economy shows clearly, through historical simulations, that Government investment could play a significant role in accelerating economic growth in Sri Lanka. Simulation exercises based on the macroeconometric model also highlight the potential of private investment and FDI in generating economic , increasing Government investment and bank credit to the Government are not synonymous. The study indicates that the latter has largely been used to bridge the Government budget deficit that arose from the excess of current expenditures over revenues. Increases in bank credit to the Gov
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