【正文】 s speech is encouraged and taken freedom of speech is not just about allowing is about actively creating amunity where everyone can contribute and flourish, a munity where argument isrelished, not of speech is not just freedom from censorship。t seem to have inspired an outbreak of hoodies, we certainly do have somecostumes in this audience see we are now handing out is a day of joy and celebration, of happy endings and new beginnings, of families andfriends, of achievements and is also a day when we as a university perform our mostimportant annual ritual, affirming once again the purposes that animate us and the values thatdirect and inspire want to speak today about one of the most important – and in recent months, mostcontested – of these is one that has provoked debate, dissent, confrontation, andeven violence on campuses across the country, and one that has attracted widespread publicattention and am, of course, talking about issues of free speech on university meaning andlimits of free speech are questions deeply embedded in our legal system, in interpretations ofthe First Amendment and its am no constitutional lawyer, indeed no lawyer atall, and I do not intend in my brief remarks today to address plex legal ,clearly, can I in a few brief minutes take on even a fraction of the arguments that have beenadvanced on this , I speak as one who has been a university president for adecade in order to raise three questions:First: Why is free speech so important to and at universities? Second: Why does it seem under special challenge right now?And, third: How might we better address these challenges by moving beyond just defensivelyprotecting free speech – which, of course, we must do – to actively and affirmatively enabling itand nurturing environments in which it can thrive?So first: Why is free speech so important to and at universities? This is a question I took upwith the newly arrived firstyear students in the College when I weled them at Convocationlast centuries, I told them, universities have been environments in which knowledge hasbeen discovered, collected, studied, debated, expanded, changed, and advanced through thepower of rational argument and pursue truth unrelentingly, but we must neverbe so placent as to believe we have unerringly attained is inspiration assume there is always more to know and discover so we open ourselves tochallenge and must always be ready to be wrong, so being part of a universitymunity requires courage and must be places open to the kind ofdebate that can change ideas and mitted to standards of reason and evidence that formthe bases for evaluating ideas or basking in intellectual orthodoxy independent of facts and evidenceimpedes our access to new and better ideas, and it inhibits a full and considered rejection ofbad at least the time of Galileo, we can see how repressing seemingly hereticalideas has blinded societies and nations to the enhanced knowledge and understanding on whichprogress more recently, we can see here at Harvard how our inattentiveness to thepower and appeal of conservative voices left much of our munity astonished –blindsided by the oute of last fall39。一百多年以前，當(dāng)時(shí)還是北大創(chuàng)校的初期，哈佛的教授和學(xué)生必然與今天大不相同，他們教導(dǎo)，研究，和學(xué)習(xí)真理的方式也有顯著差別。我們的神學(xué)院已經(jīng)有將近四百年的歷史，當(dāng)初訓(xùn)練基督教傳教士，如今研究世界宗教——從佛教，伊斯蘭教，印度教，到它本身基督教公理會(huì)教派的根源研究。法學(xué)和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的交會(huì)為我們對法律制度和政府政策的理解帶來新意。就像我們用新的方法發(fā)現(xiàn)真理，我們也在新的場域發(fā)現(xiàn)真理。對這些學(xué)生而言，我們正在創(chuàng)新課程，以使他們成為有想法，有見解的二十一世紀(jì)公民。我們已經(jīng)開始重新規(guī)劃基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)課程，以期學(xué)生在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里不僅重復(fù)已知的結(jié)果，而且也能與他們的教授共同探尋有待解決的問題，從而學(xué)得技術(shù)與道理。我們必須以挑戰(zhàn)、不安和懷疑的精神持續(xù)追尋——不論是智慧科學(xué)還是國家歷史，法學(xué)倫理，還是健保福利、都市計(jì)劃，宇宙源起，還是文學(xué)、哲學(xué)，藝術(shù)對人生本源的追溯。但“veritas”這個(gè)字總也不變?！苯裉煳蚁牒椭T位談?wù)勎业拇髮W(xué)是如何因應(yīng)新與舊的挑戰(zhàn)——我們?nèi)绾巫非笳胬?，?wèi)人師表，溫故而知新？在巨變的時(shí)代裏，這樣的努力對作爲(wèi)四方表率的大學(xué)又意味什麼？長久以來，哈佛大學(xué)和“真理”這個(gè)字就有不解之緣。目前我們的學(xué)生來自低收入家庭的人數(shù)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過以往，而我們正透過大量的學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)助，務(wù)使哈佛——不論是本科還是研究所——成為人人都上得起的學(xué)校。我的母親和祖母輩們沒有一位能進(jìn)大學(xué)。在哈佛，就像在北大一樣，我們在短短幾十年里看到高等教育戲劇性的轉(zhuǎn)變。如果哈佛能找到勇氣來改變自己，它就能改變世界第四篇：哈佛大學(xué)校長北京大學(xué)演講2008年哈佛大學(xué)校長北京大學(xué)演講2008年北京大學(xué)演講哈佛大學(xué)校長 傅思德二〇〇八年三月許校長，各位尊敬的教授，各位同學(xué)，各位來賓：謝謝大家。大學(xué)是人類把不可或缺的智慧世代流傳的殿堂。這些人沒受過教育、深陷于貧窮和暴力、平等機(jī)遇對他們而言，僅是一句空話。即將離任前，我要感謝諸位學(xué)生、教師、校友和員工，而且非常榮幸在過去的5年里能與你們共事。(Please enjoy the pain which is unable to avoid.)第二篇：哈佛大學(xué)校長離職演講Good bye and good luck!by Lawrence , President of Harvard UniversityToday, I speak from this podium a final time as your I depart, I want to thank all of youwith whom I have been privileged to work over these past of u