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企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的方法與策略-免費(fèi)閱讀

  

【正文】 本講小結(jié)(要點(diǎn)) ? 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理策略 –風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理方法是與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理策略相適應(yīng)的。 ? 之前有媒體報(bào)道稱(chēng):“這并非招行第一次發(fā)生這樣的故障。 John C. Hull, 2022, Risk Management and Financial Institutions, Pearson. ( 中文版 p11,機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社, 2022) ? 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分解( risk deposition)策略 –對(duì)每一種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行識(shí)別,然后對(duì)各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)單獨(dú)進(jìn)行管理( 將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)一一分解,并針對(duì)單一風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行管理 )。 《 中央企業(yè)全面風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理指引 》 第四章 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理策略 ? 第二十六條 本指引所稱(chēng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理策略,指企業(yè)根據(jù)自身?xiàng)l件和外部環(huán)境,圍繞企業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略, 確定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)偏好、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)承受度、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理有效性標(biāo)準(zhǔn) , 選擇 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)承擔(dān)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)對(duì)沖、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制 等適合的 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理工具 的總體策略 ,并確定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理所需人力和財(cái)力資源的配置原則。這一特性說(shuō)明,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理策略應(yīng)該是具有協(xié)調(diào)性的。 ? 相應(yīng)的方法主要是改變企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)杠桿和 財(cái)務(wù)杠桿 。 P75~ 152) Noninsurance methods ? Risk avoidance ? Loss control ? Risk retention ? Risk transfer Loss control ? Focus of loss control – Loss frequency reduction – Severity reduction ? Timing of loss control – Preloss activities – Concurred loss control – Postloss activities Risk retention ? Planned versus unplanned retention ? Funded versus unfunded retention ? Decisions regarding retention Planned versus unplanned retention ? Planned retention – Recognized risk ? Unplanned retention – Not recognize risk existed – Unwittingly believe that no loss could occur – Sometimes even when the existence of risk is acknowledged Funded versus unfunded retention ? Funded retention – Making various preloss arrangements to ensure that money is readily available to pay for losses that occur – Four types of funded retention possibilities ? The use of credit ? The establishment of a reserve fund ? Selfinsurance ? Captive insurers ? Unfunded retention – Some level of shoplifting losses is often viewed as part of the overall cost of doing business Decisions regarding retention ? Financial resources – The balance sheet – The ine sheet – The financial ratio ? Ability of predict losses ? Feasibility of the retention program Risk transfer ? Holdharmless agreements – Limited form – Intermediate form – Broad form ? Incorporation ? Diversification ? Hedging Social and economic values and costs of insurance ? Social and economic values – Reduced reserve requirements – Capital freed for investment – Reduce cost of capital – Loss control or loss prevention activities – Business or social stability ? Social costs – Operating the insurance business – Losses that are intentionally caused – Losses that are exaggerated 附錄: 應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的方法 ? 喬治 于是天河區(qū)組織人員將“軟猬甲”往上延伸了有 10米左右,這樣就可以將第一條高度較低的垂直鋼纜也覆蓋。 禁止公款買(mǎi)煙還需專(zhuān)門(mén)規(guī)定? 《 新快報(bào) 》 20220506, A02它是指通過(guò)降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的水平、改變其分布或企業(yè)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的敏感性,來(lái)調(diào)整可能引起潛在損失的經(jīng)營(yíng)環(huán)境。 – 為降低損失的可能性或嚴(yán)重性而采取的行動(dòng),可以在損失發(fā)生之前、之中、之后采取。 預(yù)防并控制(損失) ? 預(yù)防并控制(損失) : 積極的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理方法 –風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制 ( Risk control) 是指采取各種可行的措施,最大限度地降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)事故發(fā)生的概率 /頻率( frequency)和減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)帶來(lái)的損失幅度( severity)。 ―風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移”小結(jié)( 2): 財(cái)務(wù)型風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移 ? 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)融資( Risk Financing) 是指以固定的費(fèi)用(如保費(fèi))將損失轉(zhuǎn)移到企外部, 或者 進(jìn)行 財(cái)務(wù)重組( Financial
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