【正文】 的是十七世紀(jì)新英格蘭清教徒傳統(tǒng)里基督上帝彰顯的智慧。但“veritas”這個(gè)字總也不變。就像中國(guó)古代的“道”的觀念，我們了解真理的的意義不能局限為知識(shí)而已。我們必須以挑戰(zhàn)、不安和懷疑的精神持續(xù)追尋——不論是智慧科學(xué)還是國(guó)家歷史，法學(xué)倫理，還是健保福利、都市計(jì)劃，宇宙源起，還是文學(xué)、哲學(xué)，藝術(shù)對(duì)人生本源的追溯。大學(xué)之道：北京大學(xué)，哈佛大學(xué)的大學(xué)之道。我們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始重新規(guī)劃基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)課程，以期學(xué)生在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里不僅重復(fù)已知的結(jié)果，而且也能與他們的教授共同探尋有待解決的問(wèn)題，從而學(xué)得技術(shù)與道理。在早期，教學(xué)強(qiáng)調(diào)一成不變的記誦。對(duì)這些學(xué)生而言，我們正在創(chuàng)新課程，以使他們成為有想法，有見(jiàn)解的二十一世紀(jì)公民?！被蛘呶覀兛梢哉f(shuō)，我們的大學(xué)之道，也是在“明明德”。就像我們用新的方法發(fā)現(xiàn)真理，我們也在新的場(chǎng)域發(fā)現(xiàn)真理?？茖W(xué)也邁出固有領(lǐng)域，進(jìn)入社會(huì)和人文科學(xué)，藉以在世界找尋新的定位。法學(xué)和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的交會(huì)為我們對(duì)法律制度和政府政策的理解帶來(lái)新意。我們的社會(huì)學(xué)家對(duì)家庭的理解，建筑學(xué)家的設(shè)計(jì)理念都必須與世界接軌；我們商學(xué)院的課程專(zhuān)題評(píng)估強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)中國(guó)、印度、還有其他國(guó)家的公司和組織的研究，應(yīng)該和對(duì)美國(guó)的研究等量齊觀。我們的神學(xué)院已經(jīng)有將近四百年的歷史，當(dāng)初訓(xùn)練基督教傳教士，如今研究世界宗教——從佛教，伊斯蘭教，印度教，到它本身基督教公理會(huì)教派的根源研究。今年單在中國(guó)，就有一百五十名哈佛大學(xué)本科生在這里學(xué)習(xí)，研 4 究，或?qū)嵙?xí)。一百多年以前，當(dāng)時(shí)還是北大創(chuàng)校的初期，哈佛的教授和學(xué)生必然與今天大不相同，他們教導(dǎo)，研究，和學(xué)習(xí)真理的方式也有顯著差別。我們不僅是對(duì)過(guò)去，也對(duì)未來(lái)，負(fù)有責(zé)任。t seem to have inspired an outbreak of hoodies, we certainly do have somecostumes in this audience see we are now handing out is a day of joy and celebration, of happy endings and new beginnings, of families andfriends, of achievements and is also a day when we as a university perform our mostimportant annual ritual, affirming once again the purposes that animate us and the values thatdirect and inspire want to speak today about one of the most important – and in recent months, mostcontested – of these is one that has provoked debate, dissent, confrontation, andeven violence on campuses across the country, and one that has attracted widespread publicattention and am, of course, talking about issues of free speech on university meaning andlimits of free speech are questions deeply embedded in our legal system, in interpretations ofthe First Amendment and its am no constitutional lawyer, indeed no lawyer atall, and I do not intend in my brief remarks today to address plex legal ,clearly, can I in a few brief minutes take on even a fraction of the arguments that have beenadvanced on this , I speak as one who has been a university president for adecade in order to raise three questions:First: Why is free speech so important to and at universities? Second: Why does it seem under special challenge right now?And, third: How might we better address these challenges by moving beyond just defensivelyprotecting free speech – which, of course, we must do – to actively and affirmatively enabling itand nurturing environments in which it can thrive?So first: Why is free speech so important to and at universities? This is a question I took upwith the newly arrived firstyear students in the College when I weled them at Convocationlast centuries, I told them, universities have been environments in which knowledge hasbeen discovered, collected, studied, debated, expanded, changed, and advanced through thepower of rational argument and pursue truth unrelentingly, but we must neverbe so placent as to believe we have unerringly attained is inspiration assume there is always more to know and discover so we open ourselves tochallenge and must always be ready to be wrong, so being part of a universitymunity requires courage and must be places open to the kind ofdebate that can change ideas and mitted to standards of reason and evidence that formthe bases for evaluating ideas or basking in intellectual orthodoxy independent of facts and evidenceimpedes our access to new and better ideas, and it inhibits a full and considered rejection ofbad at least the time of Galileo, we can see how repressing seemingly hereticalideas has blinded societies and nations to the enhanced knowledge and understanding on whichprogress more recently, we can see here at Harvard how our inattentiveness to thepower and appeal of conservative voices left much of our munity astonished –blindsided by the oute of last fall39。t always gotten it long ago as 1939,an invitation from a student group to the head of the American Communist Party generatedprotest and the invitation was ultimately canceled by the Russell39。s speech is encouraged and taken freedom of speech is not just about allowing is about actively creating amunity where everyone can contribute and flourish, a munity where argument isrelished, not of speech is not just freedom from censorship。take the risk of being is the best way to learn and build a culture ofgenerous listening so that others may be emboldened to take risks, munity in ashared search for Veritas – that is the ideal for which Harvard must need it nowmore than ever.