【正文】 ty to develop a sense of petence, effectiveness, selfefficacy, and existential significance. Freudenberger (1977:12) identified the phenomenon of burnout as “cynicism, negativism, inflexibility, and rigidity of thinking, unhappiness, boredom, psychosomatic symptoms, and a condition in which the helping wears out in their pursuit of impossible goals”. Freudenberger and Richelson’s followup research (1980:12) sympathetically articulated that “whenever expectations were accidentally diverse from reality and the person obstinately persisted in trying to fulfill the expectations, trouble was inevitable.” Subsequently, friction builds deep inside。隨之而來的是對于人才培養(yǎng)者— 教師各方面能力的要求，這樣雖然激發(fā)了教師的潛能，可同時也給他們帶來了巨大的壓力，一旦這種壓力大量堆積而又得不到及時排解，教師就會對職業(yè)產(chǎn)生倦怠。初中英語教師職業(yè)倦怠現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與對策研究 外國語學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 Actuality Investigation and Countermeasure Research on English Teachers’ Burnout in Junior Middle School 初中英語教師職業(yè)倦怠現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與對策研究 初中英語教師職業(yè)倦怠現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與對策研究 I Acknowledgements This paper is a result of contributions from many supporting individuals. During the process of writing, I have received various kinds of help from many people. Because of their help, I have finished writing this paper so smoothly. Here, I want to render my sincere thanks to all the teachers and classmates who have given me their help in the last four years. The help is not only one of the most important treasures deserving cherishing all my life, but also will be a perfect guide in my life in the future. My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to my supervisor, Ms. Li. In this short but sufficient period, she has given me many good suggestions for the materials and the ways of anizing ideas. Without her consistent instructions, this paper would not have reached its present form. My sincere thanks are also owed to all the teachers who have taught me during the four years of my university study. I also thank all my classmates and friends who have enriched my life with their generous help and precious friendship. I also thank very much for the teachers who helped me do the survey. The finishing of my paper is not an end but a new beginning. I believe that I can do better and better in my future life. Thank you again, my supervisor, my teachers and my classmates. 初中英語教師職業(yè)倦怠現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與對策研究 II Abstract With the rapid development and progress in economics and society, all the countries pete with each other more and more severely. As a matter of fact, the petition between countries depends on talents in each country. Therefore, talent training is widely focused on all over the world. As instructors of talents, teachers are required to improve their professional qualities and teaching skills. Although these requirements motivate teachers’ potential, they bring about a great deal of pressure to teachers at the same time. If teachers suffer more and more pressure, they will be tired of their profession sooner or later. This study uses both the quantitative method and the qualitative method to conduct the research. Instruments consist of a questionnaire and an interview. On the basis of exploration and discussion of the causes behind secondary school English teachers’ burnout, from the perspectives of society, school and individual, the study puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for relieving and overing secondary school English teachers’ burnout. Key Words: teachers’ burnout。 countermeasures 初中英語教師職業(yè)倦怠現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與對策研究 III 摘 要 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展和社會的巨大進(jìn)步，各國之間的競爭也越來越激烈，國與國的競爭歸根到底是人才的競爭，因此人才的培養(yǎng)受到了充分的重視。 Abstract................................................................................................................ 錯誤 !未定義書簽。 Schaufeli et al., 1993) concluded that burnout is a loss of idealism and enthusiasm about work or about a role and is “a gradual process of disillusionment” (Schaufeli et al., 1993:35). This fashionable and threatening term of burnout has bee socially, mentally, and psychologically acceptable for describing malfunctioned anizational behavior. It is a plague in emotionally charged helping professions and peoplework that offer overload individual capability and provide high environmental stressors (Gold, 1988。 Jackson, 1986). Definition of Teachers’ Burnout The relationship between teacher burnout and job burnout is that of included and including. Teachers are the highrisk group of this occupational disease. Till now, there is no fixed definition for teacher burnout, although all the researchers got a consensus that teacher burnout is a kind of extreme reaction that teachers could not smoothly deal with work stress, and have an exhaustion state of emotion, attitude and action under prolonged high pressure. Its classical symptom is low job satisfaction, loss of work enthusiasm and interest, the state of estrangement and apathy (曾玲娟，伍新春 , 20xx). Previous Studies at Home and Abroad Since the concept of burnout was put forward by American clinical psychologist 初中英語教師職業(yè)倦怠現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與對策研究 3 Freudenberger in 1974, greater attention has been given to the research on it. From the end of the 1970s, western researchers started to study on teachers39。 professionalization, obviously stenotic nature of labor value, great pressures derived from education reform and realistically psychological fall of social status. Consequently, not only does it affects teachers39。 Maslach, 1982。 Schaufeli amp。Fatigue and Exhaustion Period。s teaching ability and renewing educational concepts are the most effective methods to prevent burnout. Organizational Support Schools should focus more on teachers physical and mental health, regularly make them have 初中英語教師職業(yè)倦怠現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與對策研究 10 body examination, and establish health file