【正文】 elate this to final year projects ? To describe and examine plagiarism 5 Aims of this lecture ? To demonstrate the ways in which you can avoid plagiarism ? Putting academic integrity into practice ? Understanding referencing ? Numeric referencing。 main hypothesis。 evaluation of the topic sentence ? c. Evidence that supports the explanation and evaluation ? As you read each paragraph, try and place the information into these three areas 19 Paragraph activity ? Lloyd, D and Hanawalt, (2022) ? Look at sample paragraph ? Repeat process for following paragraph 20 Critical reading ? It is always important to take a (constructively) critical stance to all your reading ? You should always expect papers and texts to conform to the principles of academic integrity ? Hypotheses should always be properly tested。 websites, where it can be ?found?, . URL, or place of publication/publisher 30 Common knowledge ? Common knowledge = generic information that is widely understood to be true ? It is not part of a specific academic/scientific argument or hypothesis ? Though it may form some of the underlying principles ? Common knowledge does not need referencing in the same way a source does ? Don?t confuse mon knowledge with sources 31 Common knowledge Examples ? The Battle of Hastings took place in 1066… ? But a scholarly account of the oute of this battle, and the consequences for 11th Century Britain, is not mon knowledge…it would be a referenced source 32 Common knowledge Examples cont.: ? The Periodic Table ? But a discussion of Mendeleevs?s work and significance is not mon knowledge…it would be a referenced source ? The Matrigel Invasion Assay as a widely used protocol in Cell Biology ? But an account of how this protocol had been modified for a particular process is not mon knowledge…it would be a referenced source 33 The evidential approach to academic writing ? If you provide this information, and show where you use sources in your writing, you show that: ? All sources used can be accurately traced by another scholar ? They can ?followup? your argument ? You have achieved transparency and honesty ? You demonstrate your work is your own work ? You demonstrate your sources are used properly 34 Further reasons for “attributing and acknowledging your sources” (2) ? Effective use of sources structures your argument ? You fulfil assessment criteria and maximise your grade ? You demonstrate the breadth and relevance of your reading and research ? Marking criteria for Essay and Written Assignments (3, 4) ? 70100% (Excellent) iv Shows evidence of having read relevant literature and is able to use this effectively. Accurate citing of references. 35 Further reasons for “attributing and acknowledging your sources” (2) cont. ? 6069% (Good) iv Shows evidence of having read some of the relevant literature and is able to use this in the answer. References cited. ? 5059% (Satisfactory) iv May show evidence of having read some relevant literature but generally fails to demonstrate understanding of it or to use it correctly in the answer. 36 Key terms ? In “attributing and acknowledging your sources” (2) there are several key terms ? Referencing ? The whole process of embedding sources effectively ? Intext citation ? The point in your text where you draw from your sources + say what they are ? Reference list ? A plete list of references that gives full details for all your sources。 understanding [1]) 47 Plagiarism ? Collusion ? Never take another student?s work and present it as your own ? Where you are required to work with others to produce a shared document (collaboration), each person?s contribution must be identified ? If there are elements of your final year project that do involve others, the distinctive contributions must be shown 48 Plagiarism ? Duplication ? If you have written on/produced research on a topic before, you must never represent it without acknowledgement ? Note that you can plagiarise yourself! ? But not if you have the agreement of your module convenor to use earlier work。 cited 2022 January] Available from