【正文】 s. The disputes between the two schools have been continuing for quite a few years, each school having its own advocates and theoretical bases. Chapter Four is Foreignization or Domestication: An Analysis of the Contributing Factors in the Decisionmaking Process of Translation. The author has no intention of getting involved in the disputes between the two schools. After analysing such factors as the intention of the translator, textual function, socialcultural environment, historical limitations and the translator’s style, the author es to the conclusion that the choice of translating strategy is decided upon by many conditioning factors rather than by the preference of the translator.Chapter Five is The Mediating Functions of the Cultural View on Translation. In the circles of translation theories, there are many disputable issues such as the contradiction between domestication and foreignization, the conflict of literal translation and free translation, the trace of translation, the translator’s style, etc. Studying these problems from the perspective of cultural munication, the author concludes that all these tricks to some extent contribute to cultural munication, and so their existence is justifiable. Chapter Six is Conclusion. The author harbours the view that to conduct translation studies from the angle of cultural munication provides a new perspective for translation studies, reconciling the longterm contradictory opinions and guiding them to serve the task of promoting cultural munication. This helps translation studies get out of marginal position and exist as an independent discipline. At the same time, the author warns that the cultural view on translation is just one of the many perspectives of translation studies, and it is plementary to translation studies from other perspectives. Its development, to a great extent, counts on the development and prosperity of related disciplines. The Cultural Shift in Translation Studies內(nèi)容提要全文包括導言共由七個部分組成： 在導言中，作者以簡潔的語言闡述了文章的寫作目的，按照文章的寫作架構(gòu)對整篇論文進行了概述。這一章里，在對傳統(tǒng)的翻譯研究進行回顧分析的基礎(chǔ)上，指出其存在的不足；進而回顧了翻譯界的文化轉(zhuǎn)向，并對文化翻譯觀的內(nèi)容做了介紹。異化派以文努提為代表，歸化派以奈達為代表。第五章，文化翻譯觀的調(diào)停作用。作者認為從文化交流的角度研究翻譯為翻譯研究提供了新的視角，使長期以來翻譯界存在的爭論統(tǒng)一在促進文化交流的根本任務(wù)之下，并有利于翻譯研究擺脫邊緣化地位，作為獨立的學科而存在。I owe a great deal to my supervisor, Professor Zhu Peifen for her generous help through the whole process of my writing this thesis.At the early stage, she gave me some precious advice on deciding upon the topic and on how to develop my immature ideas into a paper and offered me some valuable reference materials she acquired when studying abroad as a visiting scholar. When I submitted my draft paper to her, she was busy piling a book on oral interpretation under great pressure on the part of her publisher. The task of correcting my paper inevitably doubled her hardship in work. However, several days later, I was gratefully taken aback when looking through the thesis having undergone her correcting! On opening the paper, I surprisingly found numerous marks in pencil scattered in the margins and between the lines of each page, which aroused tremendous gratitude in my heart. It dawned on me why I had been envied for being supervised by a tremendously responsible professor! When I handed in my revised paper, she was supervising six undergraduates writing graduating theses and, in the meantime, she was giving lessons to both undergraduates and postgraduates. Despite her being fully occupied, she checked my thesis with great care.I couldn’t thank my supervisor enough for her lofty sense of mitment. But for her help, I couldn’t have finished writing this paper.Finally, I am obliged to quite a few scholars whose papers and books I have referred to. It is from their achievements that I draw rich thoughts for this thesis.(Culture is) that plex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs and many other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. (quoted, in Bock, 1979)Chapter One：Language, Culture and Translation 1) Civilization。 schooling。Peter Newmark defines culture as “the way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a munity that uses a peculiar langue as its means of expression” (2001：94) . ways of production, exchange, and distribution of goods。 politics and the law。 general history. (3) Ideational system: cosmology。 artistic creations as images。 grammar (morphology and syntax)。1) 1)The general abstract notion serves to remind us that we can’t explain acts solely in terms of the biological properties of the people concerned, their individual past experience, and the immediate situation. The past experience of other men in the form of culture enters into almost every event. Each specific culture constitutes a kind of blueprint for all of our life’s activities.Cultures don’t manifest themselves solely in observable customs and artifacts. No amount of questioning of any save the articulate in the most selfconscious cultures will bring out some of the basic attitudes mon to the members of the group. This is because these basic assumptions are taken so for granted that they normally do not enter into consciousness. This part of the cultural map must be inferred by the observer on the basis of consistencies in thought and action. (quoted, in Hu Wenzhong, 1998) they choose to conduct their wedding ceremonies in churches rather than to observe Chinese tradition.Along with visible changes, intangible changes in language and thinking also take place. New terms are continuously coined to meet the needs of social development. People begin to talk about some things previously considered taboos.All these examples reveal that a certain culture is characteristic of a certain historical period, far from being static. just like a mirror or a picture album, different national languages reflect and record the special cultural styles and features of different nations。 KellyHolmes,