【正文】 f I were/was you I would reconsider their proposal.我要是你，我就會(huì)重新考慮他們的建議。If she hadn’t taken your advice, she would have made a bad mistake.她要不是聽了你的勸告，就要犯大錯(cuò)誤了。If he should fail, we would encourage him to try again.萬一他失敗，我們就鼓勵(lì)他再試一試。（從句發(fā)生在過去，主句發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在。（從句發(fā)生在過去，主句發(fā)生在將來。例如：Had he not been ill, he might have e.要不是他生病了，他是會(huì)來的。(6)用介詞短語表示假設(shè)條件有時(shí)可以用介詞短語做假設(shè)條件，以取代非真實(shí)條件句中的if從句。But for the storm we would have been in time.要不是暴風(fēng)雨，我們?cè)緯?huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)（到達(dá)）的?！駑ish后的從句 wish表示過去或現(xiàn)在未實(shí)現(xiàn)的主觀愿望，以及將來實(shí)現(xiàn)不了或很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，可以翻譯成中文：“希望”、“真希望”、“要是…就好了”I wish I knew his address.真希望我知道他的地址。（愿望與過去的事實(shí)相反）We wish we could live on the moon for a few days in the future.真希望我們將來能在月球上住幾天。（愿望與當(dāng)時(shí)的事實(shí)相反）注意2. 在動(dòng)詞hope后要用陳述語氣。If only I had more time to think about it.但愿我有更多的時(shí)間考慮它。I would rather/sooner he had gone there too.我寧愿他也去那里。表3. 方式狀語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的形式用 法動(dòng)詞形式表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反一般過去式表示與過去事實(shí)相反過去完成式表示與將來事實(shí)相反，或?qū)沓蔀槭聦?shí)的可能性不大過去將來式（見表1）的條件狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞形式基本相同。（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，實(shí)際上他并不知道）looked as if she were made of ice.她看起來似乎是冰做的。但表態(tài)的意義有所區(qū)別，例如：He walk as if he is drunk.他走起路來好像喝醉了。短語中的high與about用于加強(qiáng)和緩和語氣。注意：but for +名詞與but that +從句都可以看作用于代替非真實(shí)條件句中的條件從句，所以本句型的虛擬語氣形式與非真實(shí)條件句中的主句相同（見表1中的主句一欄）。We would have been in real trouble but for your help. （＝if it hadn’t been for you help……）如果沒有你的幫助，我們?cè)緯?huì)陷入嚴(yán)重的困難之中。例如：But that you helped him, he would have failed. （＝if you hadn’t helped him……）如果沒有你幫助他，他原本會(huì)失敗的。I will not make a noise for fear (that) I should/might disturb you.我不會(huì)作聲，以免打擾你。May you enjoy a ripe old age！愿君長(zhǎng)壽！(倒裝)在表示建議、命令、要求、想法以及表示“重要性”、“緊迫性”、“驚奇”等含義的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣。It was arranged that they leave the following week.根據(jù)安排，他們下星期動(dòng)身。（2）在賓語從句中在某些表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”含意的動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣，從句動(dòng)詞的形式為：（should+）動(dòng)詞原形 (美國英語不用should)，例如：Bill suggested that everyone (should) have a map.比爾建議每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該有一個(gè)地圖。（2）在名詞性從句中 在某些表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”含意的名詞，與該名詞相關(guān)的名詞性從句如：主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要使用虛擬語氣，從句動(dòng)詞的形式為：（should+）動(dòng)詞原形 (美國英語不用should)，例如：It was bill’s suggestion that everyone (should) have a map.每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)地圖是比爾的建議。二、其他狀語從句的虛擬語氣1. 目的狀語從句中的虛擬語氣(1) 在for fear that, in case, lest引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中，若用虛擬語氣時(shí)，從句謂語為： should + 動(dòng)詞原形。如：He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近說話的人以便能挺得更清楚。Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should e here. 即使華佗再世也就不了他。I will wait for him no matter how late he may e. 不管他來的多么晚，我都會(huì)等他。Whatever defects he may have, he is an honest man.I won’t let you in whoever you may be.No matter what you may say, I am determined to do what I think is right.Come what may, we will go ahead.這時(shí)如果指的是一個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作，may后面的動(dòng)詞就要用完成式。3. 方式狀語從句中的虛擬語氣as if, as though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句常用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：① should + 動(dòng)詞原形 (指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。如：I’m very sorry that you should have failed the exam. 我很遺憾，你這次考試竟然失敗了。The Party asked that we should serve the people with our heart and soul. 黨要求我們要全心全意地為人民服務(wù)。2. believe, expect, suspect, think, imagine等動(dòng)詞的否定句或疑問句中的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣。I wish I had been there with them last week. 我希望上周跟他們一起在那兒。I’d rather you were here now. 我倒想你現(xiàn)在在這兒。It is strange that he should not e. 很奇怪，他竟沒有來。其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should) + 動(dòng)詞原形。Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown. 他們的計(jì)劃就是在家鄉(xiāng)建一座新工廠。7. 簡(jiǎn)單句中的虛擬語氣1. 說話時(shí)，為了表示客氣、謙虛、委婉而有禮貌，言語常使用虛擬語氣。2. 表示“祝愿”時(shí)，常用“may + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他”。如：Long live the Communist Party of China. 中國******萬歲。如：Would you like to have a talk with us this evening? 今天晚上來跟我們聊天好嗎？Could I use your bike now? 我可以用一下你的單車嗎？(2) 陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)或看法。如：You’d better ask your father first. 你最好先問一問你的父親。其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have + 過去分詞”。二、含蓄虛擬條件句所謂含蓄虛擬條件句即指將條件從句隱藏在上下文一定的短語中的一類條件句。t have achieved all this. 要不是有你幫助，我不會(huì)取得這些成就。If it hadn’t been for your help, we wouldn’t have succeeded. 要不是有你幫忙，我們是不會(huì)成功的。Had I been there, I would have asked her the question. 如果我在那里，我就會(huì)問她這個(gè)問題。 must be operated onC. was。 thatC. should not be sent。按照英語語法，it’s time 后從句通常要用過去式。we can’t get there by tomorrow 為客觀事實(shí)，故宜用陳述語氣。6. B。實(shí)際上前面虛擬語氣的答語采用了省略形式。因?yàn)閚ecessary后的從句要用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”，排除選項(xiàng)A。