【正文】 neEg. I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the parade.（7）在公式化的句子中： 在一些公式化的句子中，要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不隨人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)發(fā)生變化，謂語(yǔ)的形式為動(dòng)詞原形或may + 動(dòng)詞原形(常倒裝)。（5）在lest, for fear that, in case, so that引導(dǎo)的從句中 在lest, for fear that, in case, so that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用：should/could/might + 動(dòng)詞原形He reminded her twice of it lest she should forget.他提醒了她兩次，怕她忘記。作用相當(dāng)于非真實(shí)條件句中的if條件從句。相當(dāng)于用介詞代替非真實(shí)條件句中的if條件從句，見167。It’s (about) time you were in bed.你(差不多)該上床睡覺了。（虛擬語(yǔ)氣，在說話人看來，他并沒有喝醉）（3）it is (high, about) timeit is (high, about) time后的that從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，表示“已到了該干…的時(shí)候了”，含有“已經(jīng)有些晚了”的意思。（與過去事實(shí)相反，我們沒有相識(shí)多年）It seemed as if the meeting would never end.看起來會(huì)議不會(huì)結(jié)束了。但單數(shù)第一、三人稱也可用was。（說話人看來將來不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。If only he had taken my advice years ago.要是幾年前他聽了我的勸告就好了。意義與用法和I wish基本相同。例如：I wish I were young. 我真希望我還年輕。（愿望與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反）She wish she knew how to drive the car.她希望她知道怎樣開這輛車。，如果詞語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be，則一切人稱均可用were。I would have succeeded with you help.如果有你的幫助，我本會(huì)成功。Were I to do it, I would do it in a different way.要是我來做這件事，我會(huì)用另一種不同的方法。這時(shí)had, should, were要移到主語(yǔ)前面，形成倒裝。（從句發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在，主句發(fā)生在將來。因此，主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)各自的不同時(shí)間選用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語(yǔ)氣形式，其形式依據(jù)時(shí)間的不同仍然遵循表1給出的規(guī)則。(3)與將來事實(shí)相反，或?qū)聿惶赡馨l(fā)生，或說話人主觀上不希望發(fā)生If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way.要是我來作這件事，我會(huì)用另一種做法。If the manager were/was here, he might make a decision.要是經(jīng)理在這兒，他也許會(huì)作出決定。You shouldn’t have told her the truth .needn’t have done 本不必做 比較：didn’t need to do 沒必要做也沒有做 我沒必要擦窗戶。此外還可用來表示命令、建議、設(shè)想、祝愿（或詛咒）等等，以及表達(dá)說話人的主觀愿望。thewishinbird,①Ifturnagain!再也不要遲到了。is!她是多好的一位老師??！ 祈使語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣：表示說話人對(duì)對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求或命令。goodbusyto①ThereSubjunctive Mood1. 語(yǔ)氣Mood語(yǔ)氣是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示說話人對(duì)一事物和人的態(tài)度和看法。areeveryalla① Never ② Don’toffIItheI ③May時(shí)間 從句謂語(yǔ)形式 主句謂語(yǔ)形式我兄弟做了 I didn’t need to clean the windows . My brother did it.would have done 本來會(huì)去做 (1)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If the earth had no gravity, the moon would fly to the sun.如果地球沒有引力，月球就會(huì)飛向太陽(yáng)。(2)與過去事實(shí)相反If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train.我要是早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身就趕上火車了。If the rocket should fall in a few seconds, it would certainly explode.如果火箭幾秒鐘內(nèi)竟然向下墜落，那就一定會(huì)爆炸。例如：If we had set out earlier, we wouldn’t be walking in the rain.如果我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)動(dòng)身，現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在雨中走了。）If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.如果我們到現(xiàn)在還未準(zhǔn)備好，明天就會(huì)有很多麻煩。這種句型主要見于書面形式。Were you not here, none of us would e.如果你們不在這兒，我們沒人會(huì)來。In that case we could have done the work better.如果是那樣的話，我們本可能把工作做得更好些的。但單數(shù)第一、三人稱也可用was。（愿望與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反）We wish he hadn’t gone.我們真希望他沒有走。（愿望與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反）wish改為過去式后，其后的從句不變：I wished I were young. （當(dāng)時(shí)）我真希望我還年輕。但更具有感情色彩?！駑ould rather, would sooner后的從句 would rather, would sooner的意思都是“寧愿”，其后的從句表示過去或現(xiàn)在沒發(fā)生的愿望，或者是在說話人看來將來不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。）（2）as if (as though)as if 或 as though 引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例如：He talk as if he knew all about.他談起來好像全知道似的。（與將來事實(shí)相反，實(shí)際上會(huì)議還是會(huì)結(jié)束的）注意！as if (as though)引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句即可以使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也可以使用陳述語(yǔ)氣。其中that可以省略。（4）but for和but that在帶有but for和but that的句型中，一般要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，but for和but that都譯為“要不是…”、“如果沒有…”，其中but for是介詞，后接名詞；but that是連詞，后接從句。2.（6）例如：But for the storm we would have been in time. （＝if it had not been for the storm……）要不是暴風(fēng)雨，我們?cè)緯?huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)（到達(dá)）的。注意：與非真實(shí)條件句不同，but that條件從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣，只有主句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。He took his umbrella with him lest it should rain.他帶上了雨傘，擔(dān)心會(huì)下雨。God save the Queen!上帝保佑女王！God bless you！上帝保佑你！Long live peace！和平萬歲Heaven forbid that I should let my own parents suffer.讓自己的父母受苦，天理不容。It is/was important that everyone (should) have a map.每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)地圖很重要。It’s ridiculous that he should behave like that.他那樣做真可笑。適用上述結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有Advise, agree, decide, decree, demand, determine, grant, indicate, insist, order, prefer, propose, remend, request, require, resolve, stipulate, urge, vote等等。（同位語(yǔ)從句）適用上述結(jié)構(gòu)的名詞有Advice, agreement, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, instruction, motion, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, resolution, stipulation, suggestion等等。(2) 在so that, in order that所引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句中