外文翻譯---日本經(jīng)濟恢復與出口的快速增長的關系-預覽頁
【正文】 foreign investment ratio. Affected by this promotion, the year 1970, foreign direct investment in Japan exceeded 1 billion . dollars ($ 114,000,000). In 1978, foreign direct investment in Japan amounted to billion. To the end of 1980, except agriculture, forestry fisheries, mining, oil industry, leather products outside Japan, other industries have implemented the opening to foreign capital. In the continuous implementation of the liberalization of capital projects, the Japanese government to relax its foreign investment enterprises continue to limit and simplify the approval procedures for domestic enterprises to 5 invest abroad to create conditions. In 1978, the balance of Japanese foreign direct investment reached billion . dollars, equivalent to the year the balance of foreign direct investment to Japan 12 times. ⑤ This also can be seen in terms of foreign trade in Japan or in terms of investment, are due to enter, to a certain extent reflect the relatively closed Japanese market and open the oneway. Into 80 years later, the transnational flow of factors of production more and more frequent, international petition, many countries and regions have carried out reforms to increase the scope and intensity of market opening. In this situation, and domestic and international pressure, Japan is also implemented in various fields and open markets, promote petition reform measures, such as the national railway, telemunications, aviation, electricity and other fields gradually introduce petition and reduce government intervention and improve the free market degree。s postwar high economic growth, it is acpanied by the gradual opening of the market achieved. The process of 6 market liberalization, Japan has been implementing the principle that different stages of industrial development according to the production status of selective opening, the opening up of any industry must be conducive to the interests of related industries and the improvement of the entire national economy. Meanwhile, the Government also used legal, fiscal, And many other means of financial regulation and intervention, as enacted in 1949, Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law is the postwar Japanese government management of economic activities is an important legal basis. 7 譯 文： 日本經(jīng)濟恢復與出口的快速增長的關系 摘 要 市場的開放和經(jīng)濟增長的關系越來越緊密。 引 言 2020 年 6（都要新弱馬）月 ， 日本政府在經(jīng)濟財政咨詢會議上提出要降低日本經(jīng)濟增長目標 ， 預測從 2020 年開始的兩三年里，日本國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值實際增長率會是%。在現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)濟日趨全球化下 ， 商品、貨幣、信息等跨越國界 ， 形成了一個世界范圍的市場。所以 ， 即使是市場開放得到成功的國家 ， 也不一定是由同一條道路走來的。亞當政府的義務應該主要是保護社會 ， 保護社會上的每一個人不受侵犯 ， 并建設和維護一些公共事業(yè)和設施。凱恩斯學派認為政府必須采取財政措施來擴大消費和增加投資來彌補自由市場需求的不足。對外貿(mào)易的展開 ， 國際投資不斷的增加 ， 是對外開放的第二個層次，從而逐步形成全方位、多層次的市場開放格局。 1955 年 9 月 ， 日本加入關貿(mào)總協(xié)定 (GATT)， 與世界的聯(lián)系逐漸增多。這些政策措施保護了本國市場 ， 培育了主要產(chǎn)業(yè)的后續(xù)力量 ， 保證了發(fā)展國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟急需的原材料和技術設備進口 ， 擴大了主要產(chǎn)品的出口。 1960 年 ， 日本政府頒布了《貿(mào)易和外匯自由化計劃大綱》 ， 明確了自由化的基本方針和推進進度等 ， 開始慢慢地開放國內(nèi)商品市場。 1964 年 ， 日本成為 IMF第 8 條款的成員國。 19671973 年 ， 日本政府公布實施了 5 次資本自由化計劃 ， 慢慢地放寬了外資準入限制 ， 增加外資準入行業(yè)和出資比率。在資本自由化計劃的連續(xù)推行中 ， 日本政府放寬本國企業(yè)對外投資的限額，簡化了審批手續(xù) ， 為國內(nèi)企業(yè)向海外投資創(chuàng)造條件。在這種形勢和國內(nèi)外的壓力下 ， 日本也在各個領域?qū)嵭写龠M競爭和開放市場等措施 ， 如在國鐵、電信、航空、電力等領域逐 步引入競爭機制 ， 減少政府干預 ， 提高市場自由度 。 以上日本開放市場的政策措 施 ， 對它的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了巨大作用。戰(zhàn)后日本經(jīng)濟的高速增長 ， 是伴隨著市場的開放
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