【正文】 ParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec 7 緒論 語(yǔ)音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)的精確度直接影響語(yǔ)音識(shí)別的準(zhǔn)確度。目前，隨著計(jì)算機(jī)等飛速發(fā)展，語(yǔ)音分析、語(yǔ)音合成和語(yǔ)音識(shí)別的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域也越來(lái)越廣泛，而語(yǔ)音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)是語(yǔ)音分析的、語(yǔ)音合成和語(yǔ)音識(shí)別中一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。但我們知道，無(wú)聲段或者語(yǔ)音段前后一般包含人為呼吸等產(chǎn)生的雜音，語(yǔ)音開始處也有弱摩擦音或弱爆破音，而在語(yǔ)音的終點(diǎn)處一般還包含鼻音，這些使得語(yǔ)音的端點(diǎn)比較模糊。例如，在語(yǔ)音增強(qiáng)算法最常用的譜減法就要求從含噪語(yǔ)音中提取噪聲進(jìn)行估計(jì)噪聲譜；語(yǔ)音壓縮編碼算法可以利用 “ 語(yǔ)音插空 ” 以增加信道容量。 從開發(fā)上講，特別是從桌面型應(yīng)用來(lái)看，語(yǔ)音技術(shù)需要在以下幾個(gè)方面繼續(xù)努力： ① 進(jìn)一步規(guī)范和建設(shè)語(yǔ)音輸入的硬件通道、軟件基本引擎和平臺(tái)，使語(yǔ)音技術(shù)能集成到需要語(yǔ)音功能的大量軟件中去。 在研究上，針對(duì)現(xiàn)有技術(shù)的缺陷，應(yīng)該圍繞三個(gè)目標(biāo)開展諸方面的研究： ① 提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性，使系統(tǒng)在不同說(shuō)話人、不同說(shuō)話風(fēng)格和語(yǔ)速、不同帶寬的語(yǔ)音信號(hào)及不同信噪比條件下具有同等效果。 語(yǔ)音技術(shù)無(wú)疑是極具市場(chǎng)潛力的熱點(diǎn)技術(shù)，這一點(diǎn)對(duì)中文來(lái)說(shuō)尤其明顯。 面對(duì)未來(lái)巨大的市場(chǎng)潛力，必須發(fā)展我們自己的民族 語(yǔ)音產(chǎn)業(yè)。另一方面，語(yǔ)音識(shí)別作為非常大眾化的應(yīng)用，同當(dāng)?shù)氐奈淖治幕?、使用?xí)慣等密切相關(guān)，應(yīng)用作 為語(yǔ)音技術(shù)推動(dòng)的原動(dòng)力，至少目前還沒有統(tǒng)一和固定的SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec 12 解決方案。 SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec 13 第 3 章 端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀 隨著科技的進(jìn)步，語(yǔ)音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)目前主要的目的是： ① 減少識(shí)別器的數(shù)據(jù)處理量：可以大量減少信號(hào)傳輸量及識(shí)別器的運(yùn)算負(fù)載，對(duì)于語(yǔ)音對(duì)話的實(shí)時(shí)識(shí)別有重要作用； ② 拒絕非語(yǔ)音的信號(hào)：對(duì)非語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的識(shí)別不僅是一種資源浪費(fèi)，而且有可能改變對(duì)話的狀態(tài)，造成對(duì)用戶的困擾； ③ 在需要打斷（ bargein）功能的系統(tǒng)中，語(yǔ)音的起始點(diǎn)是必須的。近年來(lái)，隨著通信業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展，在各行業(yè)對(duì)通信系統(tǒng)語(yǔ)音質(zhì)量的客觀評(píng)價(jià)以及語(yǔ)音識(shí)別方法等技術(shù)實(shí)用化的強(qiáng)烈需求了，又出現(xiàn)了很多的語(yǔ)音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)算法。對(duì)語(yǔ)音端點(diǎn)的判決方式也由原來(lái)的單一門限SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionP