【正文】 f manmachine integration:It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.　　Through his research，Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be ，there are still no forecasts for when fasterthatlight travel will be available，or when human cloning will be perfected，or when time travel will be he does expect social problems as a result of technological boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will，for example，cause problems in2010，while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the droids.（75）And home appliances will also bee so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder—kitchen rage.　　再過不到30年星球旅行太空平臺將成為現(xiàn)實。　　根據(jù)英國電訊公司的未來學(xué)家伊恩　　皮爾遜遜預(yù)言了電腦與人各種連接的突破。然而，仍然不能預(yù)報快于光速的旅行何時到來，或何時將完成克隆人，或何時可以實現(xiàn)遨游過去或?qū)淼臅r間旅行。 7 。例如，鄰里電子監(jiān)控攝像機(jī)的飛速推廣將在2010年引起許多社會問題，而栩栩如生的人造機(jī)器人的問世將意味著人們可能無法把他們的真人朋友和這類機(jī)器人區(qū)別開來。（74）但皮爾遜指出，這個突破僅僅是人機(jī)一體化的開始:它是人機(jī)一體化漫長之路的第一步，最終會使人們在下世紀(jì)末之前就研制出完全電子化的仿真人。　?。?3）皮爾遜匯集世界各地數(shù)百位研究人員的成果，編制了一個獨(dú)特的新技術(shù)千年歷，它列出了人們有望看到達(dá)數(shù)百項重大突破和發(fā)現(xiàn)的最晚日期?！　。?1）屆時，將出現(xiàn)由機(jī)器人主持的電視談話節(jié)目以及裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車，一旦這些汽車排污超標(biāo)（違規(guī)），監(jiān)控器就會使其停駛。（75）由于人口的猛增或大量人口流動（現(xiàn)代交通工具使這種流動相對容易）造成的種種問題也會對社會造成新的壓力。無論如何，所有這些政府干預(yù)主要有賴于科學(xué)方面的咨詢和各種類型的科技人才。這就意味著，各國政府得越來越多地干預(yù)這些部門以便提高產(chǎn)量并確保產(chǎn)品會得到最好的利用。they may alter the structure of education，or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto unexploited。（75）這種謬論同樣存在于歷史傳統(tǒng)派和歷史社科派?！　≡跉v史學(xué)界，方法論這個詞從來都是模棱兩可的?！　。?2）人們之所以關(guān)注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因為史學(xué)界內(nèi)部意見不一，其次是因為外界并不認(rèn)為歷史是一門學(xué)問。it is also frequently partial or irony of the historians craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process.　　（72）Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy，the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world.　?。?3）During this transfer，traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study. Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in the historical profession.　?。?4）There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical ，especially those so blinded by their research interests that they have been accused oftunnel method，frequently fall victim to thetechnicist mon in the natural sciences，the technicist fallacy mistakenly ident