機(jī)械英漢翻譯-機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)概論-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 characteristics and economics of various manufacturing processes，because the parts that make up the machine must be manufactured at a petitive cost．It happens that a design that is economic for one manufacturing plant may not be so for another. For example，a plant with a welldeveloped welding department but no foundry might t5nd that welding IS the most economic fabricating method in a particular situation；whereas another plant faced with the same problem might decide upon casting because they have a foundry (and may or may not have a welding department)． (4)A specialized knowledge in various circumstances，such as the properties of materials in corrosive atmospheres，at very low (cryogenic) temperatures，or at relatively high temperatures． (5)A preparation for deciding wisely：(a)when to use manufacturers’ catalogs，buying stock or relatively available items，and when custom design is necessary；(b) when empirical design is justified；(C)when the design should be tested in service tests before manufacture starts；(d) when special measures should be taken to control vibration and sound (and others)．(6)Some aesthetic sense，because the product must have ”customer appeal” if it is to sell． (7)A knowledge of economics and parative costs，because the best reason for the existence of engineers is that they save money for those who employ them．Anything that increases the cost should be justified by, for instance，an improvement in performance，the addition of an attractive feature，or greater durability． (8)Inventiveness and the creative instinct，most important of all for maximum effectiveness．Creativeness may arise because an energetic mind is willing to act．is dissatisfied with something as it is and this mind is willing to act．Naturally, there are many other important considerations and a host of details．Will the machine be safe to operate? Is the operator protected from his own mistakes and carelessness? Is vibration likely to cause trouble? Will the machine be too noisy? Is the assembly of the pans relatively simple? Will the machine be easy to service and repair?Of course，no one engineer is likely to have enough expert knowledge concerning the above attributes to make optimum decisions on every question．The larger organizations will have specialists to perform certain functions，and smaller ones can employ consultants. Nevertheless, the more any o
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