【正文】 cultural tradition evaluate v. find out or form an idea of the amount or value of (sb/sth)。 immense ensure v. make sure。 arrange distinct adj. easily heard, seen, felt or understood。 ~ A (from B) see or show (two things) to be different。 refer to deny v. say that (sth) is not true depress v. make sad and without enthusiasm derive v. ~ sth from sth obtain sth from sth。 to (sth)。 not contradict sth or each other couple n. two people or things that are seen together or associated, esp a man and woman together create v. cause to exist。 arrange (a meeting, etc) converse v. ~ (about sth)。 put or fit together。 establish the truth of conflict n. struggle。 be made up of pute v. ~ sth calculate sth with a puter conceive v. bee pregnant concentrate v. ~ (sth) (on sth/doing sth) focus (one39。 start ment n. ~ written or spoken remark giving an opinion on, explaining or criticizing (an event, a person, a situation, etc) mission n. ~ action, task or piece of work given to sb to do mit v. do (sth illegal, wrong or foolish) modity n. thing bought in a shop and put to use, esp in the home municate v. ~ sth make sth known。 mend civil adj. of or relating to the citizens of a country clarify v. (cause sth to) bee clear or easier to understand classic adj. having a high quality that is recognized and unquestioned。 short bulk n. size, quantity or volume, esp when great capable adj. having ability。 future good (used esp with the vs and preps shown) bias n. opinion or feeling that strongly favours one side in an argument or one item in a group orseries。 US in behalf of sb/in sb39。 ~ (sb) in doing sth (fml ) help assume v. accept as true before there is proof assure v. tell (sb) positively or confidently attach v. ~ sth fasten or join sth (to sth) attain v. succeed in getting (sth)。 obvious append v. ~ sth (fml ) attach or add sth (esp in writing) appreciate v. understand and enjoy (sth)。 change in character, position, size, shape, etc alternative adj. available in place of sth else。 arrange administrate v. to administer adult adj. grown to full size or strength advocate v. speak publicly in favour of (sth)。 escort accumulate v. gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of get (sth) in this way accurate adj. free from error achieve v. gain or reach (sth), usu by effort, skill, courage, etc acknowledge v. accept the truth of admit (sth) acquire v. gain (sth) by one39。 1 THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST (E O) abandon v. go away from (a person or thing or place) not intending to return。 way in acmodate v. provide lodging or room for acpany v. walk or travel with (sb) as a panion or helper。 sufficient adjacent having a mon endpoint or border also immediately preceding or following adjust v. put (sth) into the correct order or position。 produce an effect on aggregate v. ~ sb (fml ) be formed or bring sb into an assembled group or amount aid n. help albeit conj although 2 allocate v. ~ sth allot or assign sth (to sb/sth) for a special purpose alter v. bee different。 change slightly analogy n. ~ partial similarity between two things that are pared analyse v. separate into its parts in order to study its nature or structure annual adj. happening every year anticipate v. expect apparent adj. clearly seen or understood。 collect assess v. ~ sth decide or fix the amount of sth assign v. ~ sth to sb give sth to sb as a share of work to be done or of things to be used assist v. ~ in/with sth。s behalf。 gain。 covenant brief adj. lasting only a short time。 stop challenge n. ~ (to do sth) invitation or call (to sb) to take part in a game, contest, fight etc to prove who is better, stronger, more able, etc channel n. sunken bed of a river, stream or canal chapter n. (usu numbered) division of a book chart n. detailed map used to help navigation at sea, showing coasts, rocks, the depth of the sea, etc chemical adj. of or relating to chemistry circumstance n. condition or fact connected with an event or action 4 cite quote。 clear coincide v. ~ (of events) occur at the same time or occupy the same period of time as sth else collapse v. fall down or in suddenly colleague n. person with whom one works, esp in a profession or business mence v. begin (sth)。 pile v. ~ sth (for/from sth) collect (information) and arrange it in a book, list, report, etc plement n. ~ thing that goes well or suitably with sth else, or makes it plete 5 plex adj. made up of (usu several) closely connected parts ponent n. any of the parts of which sth is made pound n. thing made up of two or more separate things bined together prehensive adj. that includes everything prise v. have as parts or members。s behaviour confer v. ~ (with sb) (on/about sth) have discussions (esp in order to exchange opinions or get advice) confine v. ~ sb/sth keep (a person or an animal) in a restricted space confirm v. provide evidence for the truth or correctness of (a report, an opinion, etc)。 be the ponents of constrain v. make (sb) do sth by strong (moral