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中學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法分類(lèi)復(fù)習(xí)-動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)-全文預(yù)覽

  

【正文】 要借助含 be 的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示延續(xù)的狀態(tài)。yet, up to now, today, this month, lately, recently, so far, ever since, in the last / past few years 等。clock tomorrow. He will be working then. 七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但與現(xiàn)在情況有關(guān),即用一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作來(lái)說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的 情況。ll see/be seeing him about it tomorrow.)在有些情況下和一般將來(lái)時(shí)可換用,但它顯得更委婉( When will you e/be ing?)。 六、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) 由“助動(dòng)詞 shall(第一人稱) /will(第二、 三人稱) + be +現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成,(美國(guó)英語(yǔ)一律用 will)。如: ① I was reading a novel when he came in. ② What were you doing at eight yesterday? ③ I was watching TV all evening. ④ We were cleaning the classroom from 8 to 9. ★ (1)敘述故事時(shí) ,常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)描寫(xiě)故事發(fā)生的背景。如果用一般過(guò)去時(shí) ,就會(huì)給人印象:你已經(jīng)做完這個(gè)動(dòng)作。 ⑤ Here/There 引起的句中常以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 ▲短暫動(dòng)詞除用進(jìn)行式表反復(fù)的動(dòng)作或表將來(lái)外,不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。s feeling very bad. ③ 連系動(dòng)詞 be 的一般時(shí)即有進(jìn)行時(shí)的含義 ,所以 be 一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí),但若表示 “暫時(shí)的或故意的行為 ”也可以用進(jìn)行時(shí),此時(shí)常與這些形容詞連用: brave, careless, careful, clever, foolish, friendly, faithful, funny, gentle, good, helpful, impatient, jealous, kind, talkative, stubborn, polite 等。 She feels worse 。 ⑤ 其他動(dòng)詞: appear(出現(xiàn)) , concern(關(guān)心) , consist(包括) , contain(包含) , matter(要緊) , cost(花費(fèi)) , seem(似乎是) ,remain(依然) , fit(合適) , suit(適宜) ,等。 ① 表感覺(jué)的 : see(看見(jiàn)) , look(看上去) , feel/ find(覺(jué)得), hear(聽(tīng)見(jiàn)) , notice(覺(jué)察到) , smell(聞起來(lái)) , sound(聽(tīng)起來(lái)) , taste(嘗起來(lái)) 等。m staying there for two weeks. 5)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與頻度副詞 always, all the time, forever, constantly, continuously等詞連用,往往表贊揚(yáng)、埋 怨、氣憤或厭惡等情緒。t mention this when you are talking with him. 你和他談話時(shí)不要提這件事。m doing some washing. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法: 1)說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如: We are about to leave, so there is no time to visit him now. The meeting is about to begin. 8)該時(shí)態(tài)有時(shí)用來(lái)表示揣測(cè): That man in the middle will be the visiting minister.或容量: The hall will seat 500 people. 9)shall, will 還有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法(參見(jiàn)“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”部分)。如: He is to give us a talk. (=He is going to give us a talk.) The medicine is to be taken three times a day. Where am I to put these books? You are to clean the room. He would not listen to me, so he is to fail. 7) “be about to +動(dòng)詞原形 ”表示 “就要 還可表示“注定會(huì) m going to finish the work this week. I am going to call on an old friend of mine. It39。t work. This plan won39。 A drowning man will catch a straw. Crops will die without water. 6 Accidents will 。ll try to do better. I39。美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中不管什么人稱均用 will。如: 5 ① He is no longer what he used to be. ② He used to walk after supper, didn39。但前者暗示 “現(xiàn)在已不再 He will never be what he used to be. 3)在 口語(yǔ) 中 want, hope, wish, wonder, think 等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的一種委婉的語(yǔ)氣或一種試探性的態(tài)度。行為動(dòng)詞一律用過(guò)去式,沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 Mr. Li cried out with great surprise, “What! My son e here! 4 李先生驚奇地喊道: “什么!我的兒子到這兒來(lái)了?! ” 8)在口 語(yǔ)中,它間或可以表示一個(gè) 已經(jīng)發(fā)生 的動(dòng)作 (這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在說(shuō)話人心目中處于很不重要的地位) ,能這樣用的動(dòng)作不多,如: say, tell, hear, read, fet, answer 等: They say Jack is back. Is that true? I fet where he lives. Oh, you answer quite well. He tells me you39。 Here she es. Here es the bus. There goes the bell. 6)電影說(shuō)明 /劇情介紹 /新聞標(biāo)題 /小說(shuō)章節(jié)題目 /動(dòng)作解說(shuō),特別是電視說(shuō)詞 /圖片說(shuō)明 /劇本動(dòng)作說(shuō)明 /戲劇性描繪 (主要用于小說(shuō)或報(bào)道文 字中,由過(guò)去時(shí)突然轉(zhuǎn)為現(xiàn)在時(shí),使劇情顯得歷歷在目)。 I’ll make sure (that) the car’s 。ll go shopping together. I will go to play if it is fine this afternoon. When you are talking with him, don39。如: She is an English teacher. We always care for each other. He gets up at six every day. Tom does homework every evening. 2)表示主語(yǔ)的特征、能力、性格、身份等。t. 另外,英國(guó)人口語(yǔ)常用 have(has) got 代替 have( has),其否定式常以 haven39。 I haven39。 動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的形式: ①動(dòng)詞 be 除第一人稱單數(shù)用 am,第三人稱單數(shù)用 is 外,其余一律用 are. ②動(dòng)詞 have 除第三人稱單數(shù)用 has 外,其余全用 have。 動(dòng)詞各時(shí)態(tài)名稱如下 : 一般 進(jìn)行 完成 完成進(jìn)行 現(xiàn)在 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 將來(lái) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) 將來(lái)完成時(shí) 將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái) 一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 各時(shí)態(tài)的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu) (以 write 為例) : 一 般 進(jìn)行 完成 完成進(jìn)行 現(xiàn)在 write, writes am/is/are writing have/has written have/has been writing 過(guò)去 wrote was/were writing had written had been writing 將來(lái) shall/will write shall/will be writing shall/will have written shall/will have been writing 過(guò)去將來(lái) should/would write should/would be writing should/would have written should/would have been writing 各時(shí)態(tài)用法說(shuō)明 一 . 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要由動(dòng)詞原形表示,但第三人稱單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后要加 s 或 es,另外, be 和 have 有特殊的人稱形式。 從種類(lèi)上看英語(yǔ)有 16 種時(shí)態(tài),而其中常用的有 11
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