土木專業(yè)外文翻譯3-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 河口之間用于儲(chǔ)水的建筑物。 on some early tests for Hoover Dam, rubber was employed. The need for accurate reproduction of stress patterns in plex models is met by using material of low elasticity. In a sense, dams themselves are models for future design. The instruments built into them to record movements under load, strains within materials after construction, temperature and pressure changes, and other factors are installed primarily to study the performance of the structure and to warn of possible emergencies, but their value in confirming design assumptions is important. The digital puter has permitted considerable advance in analytical methods of design. Its ability to handle a great volume of data and to solve large sets of simultaneous equations containing many variables ha made practicable the method of Finite Element Analysis. In this method, a plicated structure is divided into a number of separate equilibrium conditions, and strains are rendered patible, thus leading to a plete analysis of stress and strain distribution throughout the structure. Problems of materials. Each of the two basic dam materials, concrete and earth or rock fill, has a weakness that must be overe by the proper design of the dam. Weaknesses of concrete.. Concrete is weak in tensile strength。 an intake structure conducting water to power station or to canals, tunnels, or pipelines for more distant use。Dam A dam is a structure built across, river, or estuary to retain water. Its purposes are to meet demands for water for human consumption, irrigation, or industry。 or to increase the depth of water in a river so as to improve navigation. An incidental purpose can be to propose can be to provide a lake for recreation. Auxiliary works at a dam may include spillways, gates, or valves to control the discharge of surplus water downstream form the dam。 though such dams may be very high, the total amount of material required is limited. Embankment dams sre preferred to control broad streams, where only a 1 very large barrier, requiring a great volume of material, will suffice. The choice of masonry or embankment and the precise design depend on the geology and configuration of the s
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