【正文】 equired – Distinguish between verification and validation – Choose, verify, implement, and validate an ERA – Determine whether or not to use the G8D process to solve a problem – Describe the function of the Assessing Questions/Checklist D0 – ―Prepare for the global 8D process‖ 各章節(jié)目標(biāo) : –定義 D0的目標(biāo) –描述緊急反應(yīng)行為 –確定緊急反應(yīng)行為是否是必需的 –區(qū)別核實(shí)確認(rèn)和批準(zhǔn)確認(rèn) –選定，檢驗(yàn)，執(zhí)行以及驗(yàn)證緊急反應(yīng)行為 –確定是否使用 G8D過程來解決故障 –描述故障 /清單評(píng)估的作用 D0 – ―全球 8D過程的準(zhǔn)備” Why Should I Prepare for the Global 8D Process? 我為什么要為全球 8D過程做準(zhǔn)備 ? ? The G8D process can be intensive. A lot of time, people, and resources can be involved and wasted, if using the process is not justified. 全球 8D過程應(yīng)該是徹底的。 – A customer is a person, anisation, or class of driver experiencing symptoms. 顧客可以是一個(gè)人，一個(gè)組織，或者驅(qū)動(dòng)癥狀產(chǎn)生的某類事物。在成立全球 8D的團(tuán)隊(duì)之前就可以采取應(yīng)急措施了 Select and Verify an ERA ? To make sure an ERA will protect customers, you need to verify it to ensure it will work as expected and does not introduce a new failure mode. 為了確定應(yīng)急措施可以保護(hù)消費(fèi)者，需要驗(yàn)證它以保證它按照期望的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行，并且不會(huì)導(dǎo)致新的失效模式 ? You can verify an ERA on a nonproduction product such as a prototype or puter simulation.你可以在非產(chǎn)品上面做 ERA的驗(yàn)證，比如采用模型或者計(jì)算機(jī)模擬的方式 Implement Validate and ERA 實(shí)施 驗(yàn)證以及 ERA Precustomer validation includes:先于消費(fèi)者的確認(rèn)包括： ? Tests 測(cè)試 ? Inspections 檢查 ? Observations 觀察 ? Quality checks on products and processes 產(chǎn)品和過程中的質(zhì)量檢查 Customer validation includes:消費(fèi)者的確認(rèn)包括 ? Warranty analysis (Paynter)返修事件的起因分析 ? NVQS results NVQS結(jié)果 G8D Application Criteria G8D的適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn) six criteria for initiating the Global 8D process: 開始進(jìn)行全球 8D需要滿足六個(gè)要求 defined 該故障的定義 have been identified 顧客是經(jīng)過鑒別的 gap exists該故障存在改進(jìn)的空間 is unknown 起因未知 is mitted to fixing the problem at the root cause level and preventing recurrence 管理層致力于從根本起因的層面去解決故障并采取預(yù)防措施防止故障再次發(fā)生 of the symptom exceeds the ability of one person to solve the problem 故障很復(fù)雜，不可能單憑一個(gè)人的能力完成 Application Criteria Instructions 對(duì)運(yùn)用條件的說明 Read the scenario and then answer the following 故障 1. Does the situation described meet the Application Criteria? 該情況是否滿足應(yīng)用 8D的條件？ 2. Why or why not? 為什么？ Answer 答案 This situation warrants a G8D problemsolving team.― 對(duì)這種情況可以應(yīng)用 G8D的解決方法 D0 Assessing Questions/Checklist D0評(píng)估故障 /故障清單 Emergency Response Action (ERA) 緊急應(yīng)變行動(dòng) To ensure consistency in application of the process, the list of questions in your handbook has been developed to assist the team in achieving the objectives of this discipline為確保整個(gè)過程的連貫性，需要建立一個(gè)故障清單幫助團(tuán)隊(duì)達(dá)到本次訓(xùn)練的目標(biāo) D0 Global 8D Software D0全球 8D軟件 Global 8D Software at D0 / 全球 8D的 D0階段 ? Additional structure to the problemsolving process by asking for key information at each step 在故障處理過程中另外還需要了解每一步中的關(guān)鍵信息 ? A munications tool for teams not located together geographically 團(tuán)隊(duì)的通訊工具不要放在同一個(gè)地方 ? A ―lessons learned‖ database一個(gè)可供學(xué)習(xí)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) ? Access to supplier information, part information, CQIS codes, supplier codes, vehicle codes, etc有權(quán)使用供應(yīng)商信息、零件信息、 CQIS代碼、供應(yīng)商代碼、汽車代碼等 D0 Global 8D Software 全球 8D的 D0階段 D0 Quiz D0測(cè)驗(yàn) D0 Summary: D0概述 Prepare for Global 8D / 全球 8D的準(zhǔn)備 In this section we have looked at how to: 在這一階段我們將關(guān)注： ? Use the G8D Application Criteria to determine whether or not to use the G8D process to solve a problem如何依據(jù)適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)決定是否需要使用全球 8D程序來解決故障 ? Choose, verify, implement, and validate an ERA如何選擇、驗(yàn)證、實(shí)施并 validate緊急應(yīng)對(duì)措施 ? Use assessing questions at each step in the G8D process as a confirmation that you are ready to move on to the next step in the process ? Explain the key functions of the G8D software說明全球 8D的關(guān)鍵 functions D1 D1 – ―Establish the Team‖ D1成立工作團(tuán)隊(duì) The focus of D1 is to establish the team necessary to solve the problem and implement corrective actions and to begin the team building process D1首先要建立工作團(tuán)隊(duì)，由團(tuán)隊(duì)去解決故障、實(shí)施反應(yīng)措施，并開始團(tuán)隊(duì)建立的流程 D1 Section Objectives D1階段目標(biāo) – Describe the guidelines for determining team membership選擇團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的準(zhǔn)則 – Describe team roles, role functions, and how they are implemented 團(tuán)隊(duì)角色、角色構(gòu)成、以及角色之間如何配合行動(dòng) – Explain the three elements of team operating procedures解釋團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)作程序的三個(gè)要素 – Describe characteristics of team synergy描述團(tuán)隊(duì) synergy的特征 Establish the Team 組建團(tuán)隊(duì) Why Establish a Team? 為什么組建團(tuán)隊(duì)？ D1: Establish the Team is where the G8D process really begins. 建立一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)是全球 8D程序真正的開始 The purpose of D1 is to assemble a team of people with the characteristics and motivation needed to solve a problem. D1階段的目的是組建一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，它的成員需要具有解決該故障的相關(guān)技能。 D2 Section Objectives D2階段目標(biāo) ? Explain the process for describing a problem 解釋描述問題的過程 ? Identify process flow 掌握流程圖 ? Develop a problem statements 進(jìn)行問題陳述 ? Develop a problem description 進(jìn)行問題描述 Why Describe the Problem? 為什么要對(duì)問題進(jìn)行描述 To be an effective problem solver, you need to know as much as possible about the problem before you pick a solution. 作為一個(gè)有效率的問題解決者，在開始著手解決問題之前你應(yīng)該知道盡可能多的關(guān)于該問題的信息 ? Acts as a database for describing the problem 在描述問題這一步驟中它充當(dāng)了資料庫(kù)的角色 ? Drives the rest of the G8D process 驅(qū)動(dòng)全球 8D的其他階段 D2 helps you avoid inefficiency by focusing on the problem at hand. D2: D2幫助你關(guān)注問題本身從而避免無效率的行為 ? Helps you define the problem as accurately as possible 它有助于盡可能準(zhǔn)確的定義問題 Why Describe the Problem? 為什么要對(duì)問題進(jìn)行描述 Practice練習(xí) Instructions: Read the case study and then determine what you think the problem is. 說明：閱讀這一例子，然后確定你認(rèn)為問題出在哪兒 Observations vs. Conclusions 觀察報(bào)告 VS結(jié)論 When you describe a problem, are you making an observation or reaching a conclusion? There‘s a big difference between the two. 當(dāng)你描述一個(gè)問題時(shí)，你是否做了觀察報(bào)告或是得到一個(gè)結(jié)論？這兩者是有很大的區(qū)別的。 ? A problem statement: 一篇問題概述應(yīng)該是： – Keeps your team focused 讓你的團(tuán)隊(duì)關(guān)注 – Narrows the se