【正文】 不斷改進(jìn)及使用有效的方法。目錄第 I 章 持續(xù)改進(jìn)及統(tǒng)計(jì)過程的控制概述 第 1 節(jié) 預(yù)防與檢測(cè) ............................................................................................................5第 2 節(jié) 過程控制系統(tǒng) ........................................................................................................7第 3 節(jié) 變差：普通及特殊原因 ........................................................................................9第 4 節(jié) 局部措施和對(duì)系統(tǒng)采取措施 ..............................................................................11第 5 節(jié) 過程控制手過程能力 ..........................................................................................13第 6 節(jié) 過程改進(jìn)循環(huán)及過程控制 ..................................................................................17第 7 節(jié) 控制圖：過程控制的工具 ..................................................................................21第 8 節(jié) 控制圖的益處 ......................................................................................................25第 II 章 計(jì)量型數(shù)據(jù)控制圖 .....................................................................................................27第 1 節(jié) 均值和極差圖（X —R 圖） ...............................................................................29A 收集數(shù)據(jù) .......................................................................................................31B 計(jì)算控制限 ...................................................................................................37C 過程控制解釋 ...............................................................................................39D 過程能力解釋 ...............................................................................................57第 2 節(jié) 均值和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差圖（X —s 圖） ............................................................................65A 收集數(shù)據(jù) .......................................................................................................65B 計(jì)算控制限 ...................................................................................................67C 過程控制解釋 ...............................................................................................67D 過程能力解釋 ...............................................................................................67第 3 節(jié) 中位數(shù)圖（x—R 圖） ........................................................................................69A 收集數(shù)據(jù) .......................................................................................................69B 計(jì)算控制限 ...................................................................................................71C 過程控制解釋 ...............................................................................................71D 過程能力解釋 ...............................................................................................71E 中位數(shù)圖的替代方法 ...................................................................................72第 4 節(jié) 單值和移動(dòng)極差圖（X —MR 圖） ....................................................................75A 收集數(shù)據(jù) .......................................................................................................75B 計(jì)算控制限 ...................................................................................................75C 過程控制解釋 ...............................................................................................77D 過程能力解釋 ...............................................................................................77~第 5 節(jié) 計(jì)量型數(shù)據(jù)的過程能力和過程性能的理解 ......................................................79A 過程術(shù)語(yǔ)的定義 ...........................................................................................79B 過程量度的定義 ...........................................................................................80C 條件和假設(shè)的描述 .......................................................................................81D 使用過程量度的建議 ...................................................................................83第 II 章 計(jì)數(shù)型數(shù)據(jù)控制圖 .....................................................................................................89第 1 節(jié) 不合格品率的 P 圖 ..............................................................................................91A 收集數(shù)據(jù) .......................................................................................................93B 計(jì)算控制限 ...................................................................................................95C 過程控制解釋 ...............................................................................................99D 過程能力解釋 .............................................................................................107第 2 節(jié) 不合格品數(shù)的 np 圖 ..........................................................................................111A 收集數(shù)據(jù) .....................................................................................................111B 計(jì)算控制限 .................................................................................................111C 過程控制解釋 .............................................................................................111D 過程能力解釋 .............................................................................................111第 3 節(jié) 不合格數(shù)的 c 圖 ................................................................................................113A 收集數(shù)據(jù) .....................................................................................................113B 計(jì)算控制限 .................................................................................................113C 過程控制解釋 .............................................................................................113D 過程能力解釋 .............................................................................................113第 4 節(jié) 單位產(chǎn)品不合格數(shù)據(jù)的 u 圖 ............................................................................115A 收集數(shù)據(jù) .....................................................................................................115B 計(jì)算控制限 .................................................................................................115C 過程控制解釋 ...............................................