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畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)小型客車座椅結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)說明書(文件)

 

【正文】 ithout having to readjust. seat Lightweight seat to seat in addition to some traditional ponents, the use of the backlog of forming highstrength aluminum pieces and the pieces just to ensure that the seat of the light weight and structural robustness. Seat surface open mesh material, the place of traditional polyurethane foam, decorative objects and suspension parts. Lightweight seat in the 10kg weight can be controlled within. Using lightweight seat, the car will not only save space to install other functional parts, and their safety is also superior to the traditional seats, and improved 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)36vehicle fuel economy. seats suspension seats suspended the use of magic devices, in addition to the weight of its own seats, but。s seat of an important factor. At present, many domestic manufacturers of the seats still in use Biography Serial production of the EC, that is, the design kind of processing test to improve the design of a single cycle. Led to the design of high cost and long development cycle. The event of failure of product quality, usually taken to increase the diameter of the blind or the thickness of the wall approach, rather than from the perspective of optimizing the 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)35overall structure to modify the design. Although this approach enables the weak part of the performance of seat change, it often will seat strength and stiffness of large margin, resulting in unnecessary waste of materials,Strength to the seat assembly as an example, the requirements of our standard seat assembly can withstand 20 times the gravity of the load assembly, the German standards are required to withstand 60 times the load of gravity. The impact of China39。 D enterprise as a result of inadequate attention to the seat, has yet to carry out specific research, not only to the seat of the security risks, and constraints the development of the seat. With the modern car design to security, the pursuit of environmental protection and energy conservation, while ensuring the safety of car seats on the basis of the structural design of the seat abroad have also begun to lightweight, lowcost development, a growing number of new manufacturing technology and the start of lightweight material widely used in modern car seat design, therefore, our study of the safety seat technology in urgent need of a large number of inputs, thereby reducing the gap with the advanced level, developed for the status quo of China39。s automobile industry, the design of seat work backward. Strictly speaking, the seat of our study was from the 20th century, the beginning of the eighties. Experienced 20 years of development, currently has a lot of seat manufacturers. With the advantages of joint ventures, some of them with the design and production technology, but mainly rely on foreign forces, their own design and R amp。g=。w=2.*pi.*x。m1=290。f0=,r=9,u=939。loglog(x,y)gridylabel(39。a=((1w./w0).^2).*(1+91./u.*(w./w0).^21).^2+4.*b.*b.*(w./w0).^2.*(9(1./u+1).*(w./w0).^2).^2。x0=。 其次要感謝我的同學(xué)對(duì)我無私的幫助,特別是在軟件的使用方面,正因?yàn)槿绱宋也拍茼樌耐瓿稍O(shè)計(jì),我要感謝我的母?!|寧工業(yè)大學(xué),是母校給我們提供了優(yōu)良的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境; 另外,還要感謝在本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)給予我?guī)椭拿恳晃焕蠋煟x謝你們! 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)32附 錄Ⅰx=::10。 在這里首先要感謝我的指導(dǎo)教師王天利教授。本次設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)了小型客車座椅骨架整體結(jié)構(gòu)及各個(gè)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式和工作原理。 導(dǎo)軌上板工藝過程設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)軌上板零件材料為 Q235圖 導(dǎo)軌上板零件圖工藝路線工序 1 下料工序 2 去除氧化皮工序 3 銑兩端面工序 4 鉆 φ10 通孔及 φ8 通孔本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)25工序 5 銑弧形孔工序 6 倒圓角工序 7 鉸孔工序 8 中間檢驗(yàn)工序 9 倒未注圓角工序 10 去飛邊毛刺工序 11 清洗工序 12 最終檢驗(yàn) 連接塊工藝過程設(shè)計(jì)連接塊材料為 Q235圖 連接塊零件圖工藝路線工序 1 下料本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)26工序 2 去除氧化皮工序 3 裁板工序 4 鉆 φ10 通孔及 φ14 通孔工序 5 鉸孔 工序 6 沖壓工序 7 中間檢驗(yàn)工序 8 倒圓角工序 9 去飛邊毛刺工序 10 清洗工序 11 最終檢驗(yàn) 導(dǎo)軌滑道工藝過程設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)軌滑道材料為 Q235圖 導(dǎo)軌滑道零件圖本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)27工藝路線工序 1 下料工序 2 去除氧化皮工序 3 沖壓 20mm20mm 孔工序 4 倒圓角工序 5 沖壓 工序 6 中間檢驗(yàn)工序 7 去飛邊毛刺工序 8 清洗工序 9 最終檢驗(yàn)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)28第 6 章 結(jié)論本設(shè)計(jì)的題目是小型客車座椅結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),通過前期大量收集相關(guān)資料主要包括有關(guān)座椅的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及試驗(yàn)方法,然后對(duì)所收集到的資料進(jìn)行整理確定設(shè)計(jì)方案。3).由座椅底座骨架結(jié)構(gòu)靜態(tài)特性有限元仿真分析的結(jié)果來看,其整體結(jié)構(gòu)及材料選擇均基本滿足法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)其強(qiáng)度的要求。圖 米塞斯等效應(yīng)力云圖由圖 的計(jì)算結(jié)果可知,座椅底座骨架的最大應(yīng)力值出現(xiàn)在側(cè)板中下部處,其最大應(yīng)力值約為 246MPa。1).節(jié)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)格靠背骨架靜力計(jì)算分析后,顯示應(yīng)力學(xué)分析結(jié)果的變形或者模態(tài)分析對(duì)應(yīng)的模態(tài)變形圖(顯示劃分的網(wǎng)格)如圖 所示。圖 定義約束圖 新的分析實(shí)例對(duì)話框本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)22 在底座骨架上施加載荷我國(guó)的 GB150831994 中對(duì)座椅總成靜強(qiáng)度作了規(guī)定,要求在座椅總成質(zhì)心處水平向前、水平向后對(duì)其施加 20 倍座椅總成質(zhì)量的載荷,座椅及座椅固定點(diǎn)應(yīng)能承受以上載荷,座椅不得與車體分離。給曲面模型定義三角形單元。在對(duì)話框中選擇靜態(tài)分析(Static Analyses) ,單擊 OK 按鈕。如圖 所示。一汽輕型車廠與吉林大學(xué)汽車學(xué)院合作進(jìn)行的輕型車改型工作也獲得了巨大的成功。隨著人們對(duì)安全性要求的不斷提高,沖擊載荷作用下座椅的強(qiáng)度問題越來越受到人們的重視。早期的汽車座椅骨架大都采用簡(jiǎn)單的鋼管結(jié)構(gòu),因此,設(shè)計(jì)人員最早采用空間梁?jiǎn)卧M(jìn)行強(qiáng)度分析。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,有限元算法逐漸運(yùn)用到了汽車座椅安全性的研究中。假定單元近似函數(shù)之后,就可以建立以節(jié)點(diǎn)的場(chǎng)變量為未知量的整個(gè)連續(xù)體的場(chǎng)方程,求解這種場(chǎng)方程,便可得到節(jié)點(diǎn)的場(chǎng)變量值,從而得到問題的近似解。 進(jìn)行座椅的靜態(tài)試驗(yàn)時(shí),必須用規(guī)定的試驗(yàn)裝置對(duì)每個(gè)乘坐位置的座椅背部圖 座椅總成靜強(qiáng)度規(guī)定加載本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)18的不同高度施加規(guī)定的試驗(yàn)力,施力方向應(yīng)位于相應(yīng)乘坐位置的垂直中心面內(nèi)水平方向,從座椅后部向前。m 的載荷時(shí),座椅應(yīng)能承受以上載荷。本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)172).座椅靠背 靜強(qiáng)度法規(guī):在 FMVSS207 法規(guī)中對(duì)靠背靜強(qiáng)度規(guī)定,對(duì)座椅靠背施加相對(duì)于座椅參考點(diǎn)R 點(diǎn),大小為 372N1).座椅總成靜強(qiáng)度法規(guī):美國(guó) FMVSS207 對(duì)座椅總成靜強(qiáng)度規(guī)定,在座椅總成質(zhì)心處水平向前、水平向后,施加 20 倍座椅總成質(zhì)量的載荷,座椅應(yīng)能承受以上載荷;在歐洲 ECER17中對(duì)座椅總成靜強(qiáng)度的規(guī)定與之類似。115176。 圖 高度調(diào)節(jié)簡(jiǎn)圖 角度調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)的工作原理角度調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式及工作原理本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中,角度調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)為棘輪棘爪結(jié)構(gòu)形式,是對(duì)靠背、座墊夾角進(jìn)行調(diào)整和鎖止的機(jī)構(gòu)。調(diào)整過程中,高度調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)主調(diào)整一側(cè)的垂直方向位移改變會(huì)通過座椅側(cè)板結(jié)構(gòu)中的前后兩個(gè)桿,帶動(dòng)另一側(cè)的連接機(jī)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生垂直位移,達(dá)到底座在垂直方向位移整體改變的目的。180mm。本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)12 小型客車座椅的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 前后調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)的工作原理及相關(guān)計(jì)算1).前后調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式及工作原理前后調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)(如圖 所示)即座椅滑道,是縱向水平位置的調(diào)整機(jī)構(gòu),在本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中左右兩側(cè)均選用內(nèi)外導(dǎo)軌式結(jié)構(gòu),兩側(cè)用前后調(diào)節(jié)操縱桿連接和控制,其中內(nèi)導(dǎo)軌中間安有內(nèi)外導(dǎo)軌鎖止機(jī)構(gòu),當(dāng)用前后調(diào)節(jié)操縱桿調(diào)整到合適位置時(shí),松開操作桿,達(dá)到調(diào)節(jié)并鎖止的目的。底座側(cè)板結(jié)構(gòu)(如圖 所示)中,前桿和后桿隸屬于座椅的高低調(diào)節(jié)總成,用于保證其整體剛性連接。根據(jù)汽車的設(shè)備能力、生產(chǎn)量和生產(chǎn)成本等情況,本設(shè)計(jì)座椅骨架為鋼質(zhì)沖壓骨架。骨架的結(jié)構(gòu)主要分為鋼質(zhì)沖壓骨架、管式骨架和合金鑄造骨架三種,主體為金屬焊接結(jié)構(gòu)。工作座椅的結(jié)構(gòu)和主要參數(shù),工作座椅的主要參數(shù)的取值范圍列于表 21,表中所列參數(shù), 已經(jīng)考慮了操作者穿鞋和著冬裝的因素。 。 , 各部結(jié)構(gòu)不得存在可能造成擠壓、剪鉗傷人的部分。座高調(diào)節(jié)范圍在 GB 1000088 中 “小腿加足高” , 女性(18 ~ 55 歲) 第 5 百分位到男性 (18 ~ 60歲) 第 95 百分位數(shù), 即 360 ~ 480 mm 之間。 e. 坐者應(yīng)能方便、自如地變換姿勢(shì)而不致滑脫。工作座椅設(shè)計(jì)的主要準(zhǔn)則: a. 人體軀干的重量應(yīng)由坐骨、臀部及脊椎按適當(dāng)比例分別支承,其主要部分應(yīng)由坐骨結(jié)節(jié)承擔(dān)。;85176。;90176。;15176?!?15176。左右,至少是 90176。正確的坐姿應(yīng)當(dāng)是支持脊柱使之逼近這一自然彎曲弧形。一般操作用座椅, 由于操作的要求, 身體需要略向
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