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m a g e Su r f a c e Im a g e H a r d w a r eS o f t w a r e ? P e r f o r m a n c eT y peCh a ra ct eris t ic第一節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)原理 掃描電鏡基本上是由電子光學(xué)系統(tǒng)、信號接收系統(tǒng)、供電系統(tǒng)、真空系統(tǒng)等四部分組成。試樣在電子束作用下,激發(fā)出各種信號,信號的強度取決于試樣表面的形貌、受激區(qū)域的成分和晶體取向。 S4800) SE Detector ( Upper ) Specimen Lens Primary beam SE detector ( Lower) The illumination angle (α ) of a scanning electron microscope Focal Length Objective Lens Objective Movable Aperture Specimen Working Distance Electron Source Electron Beam α Lens Primary beam Upper High Resolution Lower Topographic Image Non Conductive Samples Select Upper and Lower Detectors Primary beam Lens SE Detector Specimen 3)Inlens type Primary beam SE Detector Lens Specimen 1)Conventional type(OutLens) SE Detector (Upper) Specimen Lens Primary beam 2)Snokel type SE Detector (Lower) HiSEM S4300 S4700 S5200 Primary Electron Beam Reducing chargeup with NaturalSEM - + + - - - - - M M e e Objective Lens BSE Detector Residual Gas M High Pressure (~ 270Pa) Non Conductive Specimen P r e s s u r e M e a n F r e e P a t h10 3 Pa 1 0 0 m m1 3 P a 1 0 m m2 7 0 P a 0 . 5 m mAstigmatism correction method Beam Diameter Before correction Objective Lens Electron Source Electron Beam X Y Electron Beam Electron Source Objective Lens Stigmator After correction Y X Stigmator Beam Diameter Photomultiplier Primary Electron Beam Specimen Photons Light Guide Signal CRT +10kV Secondary Electron Scintillator Phosphors Al Coating Layer Secondary electron detection system Photo Multiplier Tube 第二節(jié)分辨率和放大倍數(shù) 一、分辨率 掃描電鏡的分辨率有兩重意義:對微區(qū)成分而言,它是指能分析的最小區(qū)域;對成像而言,它是指能分辨兩點之間的最小距離。這些射線的能量或穿透能力各不相同,只有一定深度一定能量的射線才能逸出表面,被檢測到。 - - - - Backscattered Electron Secondary Electron Sample(Metal) Vaccum Simons, SE Primary Electron Beam BSE Specimen 特征 X射線 熒光 X射線 俄歇電子 d Z B Z X Z F RB RX RF 各種信號發(fā)生的