【正文】 s frequently used includes first name, last name, title+last name, _______,and kin +first +title name+last name+title and thought may be viewed as two independent circlesoverlappingin some language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as “subvocal speech,” and speech as “_______”.() thought thought of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisition?_______.() acquisition is a process of habit formation acquisition is the speciesspecific property of human beings are born with an innate ability to acquire language are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use第二部分非選擇題二、填空題(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分。() the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form.() English, long vowels are also tense vowels because when we pronounce a long vowel such as/i:/,the larynx is in a state of tension.() pound is the bination of only two words.()24.“The student” in the sentence “The student liked the linguistic lecture.”,and “The linguistic lecture” in the sentence “The linguistic lecture liked the student.”belong to the same syntactic category.() forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations while linguistic forms with the same reference always have the same sense.() important difference between presupposition and entailment is that presupposition, unlike entailment, is not vulnerable to is to say, if a sentence is negated, the original presupposition is still true.() division of Englishinto Old English, Middle English, and Modern English is nonconventional and not arbitrary.() reflects sexism in itself is not sexist, just as it is not obscene。it is a matter of the relationship between the form and the example ,if we say, “The dog is barking,” we must be talking about a certain dog known to both the speaker and the hearer in the actual dog the word “dog” refers to in this particular situation is the reference of the word “dog”. act refers to the act of uttering words, phrases, and is the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and example, by saying “You have left the door wide open”,the locutionary act performed by the speaker is that he has uttered all the words and expressed what the words literally protolanguage is the original form of a language family that has ceased to proto form can be reconstructed by identifying and paring similar linguistic forms with similar meanings across related ethnic dialect is a social dialect of a language,often cutting across regional is spoken mainly by a less privileged population that has experienced some form of social isolation, such as racial discrimination or are language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations,in contrast to language varieties that are associated with the social or regional grouping of their customary this reason, registers are also known as situational refers to a process of adapting to the culture and value system of the second language 、論述題(本大題共2小題，每小題10分，共20分) addition to revealing a linear order, a constituent structure treehas a hierarchical structure that groups words into structural constituents and shows the syntactic category of each structural constituent, and consequently is believed to most truthfully illustrate the constituent relationship among linguistic example, the phrase “ the old men and women” may have two interpretations, adjective “old”may modify the noun ”men“, or the following two nouns ”men and women.Linear order analysis cannot tell this difference, so it is ,the constituent or tree diagrams analysis can make this difference ,we say tree diagrams are more advantageous and informative than linear structure NPNPNPNPThe old menandthe womenthe old menandthe old women the perspective of psycholinguistic analysis,language use in terms of perception,prehension and production follows a certain pattern which involves the coordination of various language we speak,words are drawn from Wernicke39。s internalized knowledge of his language? A function of the sentence “A nice day, isn39。s contribution be relevant to the 三、判斷：Mistake is unintentionally deriant from the target language and not selfcorrigible by the learner, which suggests failure in ：F四、簡答題共30分，3題，要求字?jǐn)?shù)不得超過100。，瑞士語言學(xué)家＿＿＿＿創(chuàng)立了系統(tǒng)的語言符號理論。、＿＿＿＿和＿＿＿等三個特點(diǎn)。）（）Ａ．音韻學(xué) Ｂ．文字學(xué) Ｃ．訓(xùn)詁學(xué) Ｄ．小學(xué)（）Ａ．共時語言學(xué) Ｂ．歷時語言學(xué) Ｃ．具體語言學(xué) Ｄ．普通語言學(xué)（）Ａ．具體語言學(xué) Ｂ．普通語文學(xué) Ｃ．應(yīng)用語言學(xué) Ｄ．歷時語言學(xué)（）Ａ．歸納法 Ｂ．演繹法 Ｃ．歷史比較法 Ｄ．分布法（）Ａ．語音學(xué) Ｂ．社會語言學(xué) Ｃ．語義學(xué) Ｄ．語法學(xué)（）Ａ．漢語詞源學(xué) Ｂ．現(xiàn)代漢語 Ｃ．古代漢語 Ｄ．漢語史稿（）《漢語史稿》是一部 （）Ａ．語言 Ｂ．文字 Ｃ．表情姿態(tài) Ｄ．?dāng)?shù)學(xué)符號（），結(jié)果他只會講英語而不會說漢語，這是因?yàn)椋粒Z言具有階級性 Ｂ．語言是個人現(xiàn)象Ｃ．語言是社會現(xiàn)象 Ｄ．語言是自然現(xiàn)象（）“天”這一時間概念，漢語用（tiān）這個語音來指代，英語中卻用[dei]這一語音形式來指代。（）4．語言具有自然屬性，是自然現(xiàn)象。（），溝通的方式很多，語言的重要性日漸削弱。（），人類照樣可以思維。（），語言其實(shí)是一種符號系統(tǒng)。（）20．語言符號是由大大小小的單位按一定規(guī)則構(gòu)成的。、生理和心理三種屬性，其中______屬性是本質(zhì)屬性。，那么，屬于同一音位的幾個音素叫＿＿＿＿＿。、＿＿＿＿＿、＿＿＿＿＿三個方面的因素決定的。）（）Ａ．發(fā)音語音學(xué) Ｂ．聽覺語音學(xué)Ｃ．聲學(xué)語音學(xué) Ｄ．民族語音學(xué)（），哪個是李四，這主要是因?yàn)槲覀兪煜ふf話人的Ａ．音高 Ｂ．音長 Ｃ．音強(qiáng) Ｄ．音質(zhì)（）Ａ．音素 Ｂ．音位 Ｃ．音節(jié) Ｄ．音頻（）Ａ．音素 Ｂ．音位 Ｃ．音位變體 Ｄ．音節(jié)（）Ａ．音素 Ｂ．音位 Ｃ．音位變體 Ｄ．音節(jié)（）6.[x]是Ａ．舌尖前送氣清塞音 Ｂ．后舌面清擦音Ｃ．舌尖后清擦音 Ｄ．喉塞音10（）“批”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)國際音標(biāo)（寬式）是Ａ．[pi55 ] Ｂ．[bi55 ] Ｃ．[phi55 ] Ｄ．[bhi55 ]（）[fi:t](腳,復(fù)數(shù))和fit[fit]（適合）之間區(qū)別意義的特征屬Ａ．音質(zhì)音位 Ｂ．非音質(zhì)音位Ｃ．輔音音位 Ｄ．元音音位（）“一個”時，常把“一”的發(fā)音由[i55 ]變成[i35 ]，這種現(xiàn)象屬于語流音變中的Ａ．同化 Ｂ．異化 Ｃ．弱化 Ｄ．脫落（），送氣清音是Ａ．[m] Ｂ．[ph ] Ｃ．[th ] Ｄ．[k]（），韻母含有“后圓唇元音”的有Ａ．突 Ｂ．玉 Ｃ．搜 Ｄ．拜（），開音節(jié)的是Ａ．拉 Ｂ．蘭 Ｃ．衣 Ｄ．蠶四、是非題（正確的打“√”，錯誤的打“”）。（）[x]的發(fā)音特點(diǎn)是舌面后清擦音。（），聲帶不一定振動，輔音發(fā)音時，聲帶一定要振動。（）13.[p39。（）“不”是去聲，在去聲音節(jié)前，一般要念陽平，這種變化就是同化。（）。、＿＿＿性、＿＿＿性等三個特點(diǎn)。、＿＿＿性、＿＿＿等特點(diǎn)。，句義就存在＿＿＿關(guān)系。二、名詞解釋：：：：：：：：：三、選擇題（從下面四個備選答案中選出一至四個正確答案，并將其代號寫在題干前的括號內(nèi)。？舉例說明習(xí)題四(第六章 語言的變異/第七章 語言的使用/第八章 語言的演變)一、填空題，取決于它們所服務(wù)的社會是進(jìn)一步＿＿＿還是逐步走向＿＿＿。，漢語屬于（漢藏）語系，英語屬于（印歐語系）。二、名詞解釋：：：：：三、選擇題（從下面四個備選答案中選出一至個正確答案，并將其代號寫在題干前的括號內(nèi)。二、名詞解釋：：：：：：三、選擇題（從下面四個備選答案中選出一至四個正確答案，并將其代號寫在題干前的括