【正文】
87。 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is the core tool to identify controls and develop effective control plans 失敗模式及影響分析是主要工具來(lái)識(shí)別控制及建立有效控制計(jì)劃36DMAIC – Road Map 路線圖37The Roadmap 路標(biāo)Y = f (x1, x2, x3, x4, . . . xn)Performance of the Y over Time Y 超時(shí)的性能Variation of the YReproducibility (people / methods) 再現(xiàn)性(人員 /方法)We begin with the “Y”: 我們開(kāi)始進(jìn)行 “Y”: Process Map 程序圖Reduced measurement error ,“true” capability assessment !減少測(cè)量錯(cuò)誤, “真實(shí) ”性能鑒定InitialCapabilityAssessment 初始性能鑒定CE Matrix 基質(zhì)FMEAMeasurement variation 測(cè)量差異Actual variation 實(shí)際差異Repeatability (equipment) 重復(fù)性(設(shè)備)Multivari x1, x7, x18, x22, x31, x44, x57Y = f (x7, x22, x57)38The Roadmap “funnels” down the Xs from the trivial many to a “vital few” 路標(biāo) “漏 斗 ”降下 Xs從一些瑣碎的到 “為數(shù)不多重要的 ”The RoadmapY = f (x1, x2, x3, x4, . . . xn)We begin with the “Y”: 我們開(kāi)始進(jìn)行 “Y”: Process MapReduced measurement error ,“true” capability assessment !減少測(cè)量錯(cuò)誤, “真實(shí) ”性能鑒定InitialCapabilityAssessment 初始性能鑒定 FMEA reduces variation andeffects for “inputs gone wrong” “輸入錯(cuò)誤 ”FMEA 降低差異及影響CE MatrixFMEAMultivariMultivari studieshelp develop associationbetween the Y and key Xs Multivari 研究幫助在 Y與關(guān)鍵的 Xs之間開(kāi)展聯(lián)合x(chóng)1, x7, x18, x22, x31, x44, x57MultiVari identifies Noise variables and reduces the x’s for DOEY = f (x7, x22, x57) DOEs identify the Critical x’s and their relationship to the Y DOE 識(shí)別星要的 x’s 且他們 與 Y的關(guān)系Controls in place for Critical x’s 鑒定 x’s在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢每刂?39Process Improvement推進(jìn)進(jìn)程? Verify Critical Inputs檢驗(yàn)關(guān)鍵輸入? Optimize Critical Inputs優(yōu)化關(guān)鍵輸入Process Analysis 過(guò)程分析? Complete FMEA 完成 FMEA? Perform Multivari Analysis進(jìn)行 Multivari 分析? Identity Potential Critical Inputs識(shí)別潛在關(guān)鍵輸入? Develop Plan for Next Phase 開(kāi)展下次購(gòu)買之計(jì)劃Process Control程序控制? Implement Control Plan執(zhí)行控制計(jì)劃? Verify Long Term Capability檢驗(yàn)長(zhǎng)期性能? Continuously Improve Process 持續(xù)改進(jìn)進(jìn)程Define 定義? Scope and Boundary 范圍及界限? Define Defects 詳細(xì)說(shuō)明不良? Team Charter and Team Leader 小組許可及小組領(lǐng)導(dǎo) ? Estimated $ Impact 評(píng)估 $影響? Leadership approval 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力認(rèn)可Process Measurement 過(guò)程測(cè)試 ? Map process and Identify Inputs and Outputs 線路程序及識(shí)別輸入及輸出 ? Cause and Effects Matrix 原因及影響總表 ? Establish Measurement System Capability 建立測(cè)量系統(tǒng)性能? Establish Process Capability Baseline 建立程序性能的基線DMAIC40The Funneling Effect 漏斗效應(yīng)Optimized Process 最佳程序30+ Inputs輸入8 104 83 6Found Critical X’s 建立關(guān)鍵 X’sControlling Critical X’s 控制關(guān)鍵 X’s10 15All X’s1st “Hit List”Screened ListMEASURE測(cè)量ANALYZE分析IMPROVE改善CONTROL控制DEFINE詳細(xì)說(shuō)明41Narrow the Scope of Input Variables 縮小輸入值的范圍 Optimized Process最佳程序30 5010 1548Key Process InputVariables (KPIVs關(guān)鍵程序輸入值8 10 KPIVsCritical KPIVs 關(guān)鍵 KPIVs36 Key Leverage 關(guān)鍵杠桿作用 KPIVsInputs Variables輸入值Process Map程序線路MultiVari Studies,研究Correlations相互性Screening DOE’sDOE’s, RSMCE Matrix and FMEA C& E總表及 FMEAGage RR, Capability量規(guī) R& R, 性能TTest, ANOM, ANOVAQuality Systems品質(zhì)系統(tǒng)SPC, Control Plans控制計(jì)劃Measure測(cè)量Analyze分析Improve改善Control控制Define42 Problem Statement 問(wèn)題陳述 Cause and Effect 原因及影響FMEA Fishbone。 to SpecAnswers:Difference in Spread?傳插的差別?One Pop. to another。 Predict YStrength Direction 是否了解 X﹔ 鄧計(jì) Y實(shí)力& X趨勢(shì)Analyze分析Six Sigma RoadMap 4 Analyze分析 46Design ofExperiment 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) Fractional Factorial 小額階乘Answers:How to Set “X” to getBest “Y” 怎樣設(shè)置 “X”方可得到最佳的 “Y”Generates/DeterminesKnown Relationshipsbetween KPIVs KPOVs 了解 KPIVs KPOVs 之間的關(guān)系Full Factorial全功能Simple 2KTesting Variablesat 2 Levels 測(cè)試 2級(jí)上的變量(High/Low)高 /低Answers:What’s the BestCombination of the “Xs’for producing the Best “Y” “Xs”最好的結(jié)合是什么,以便生產(chǎn)最佳的 “Y”Tests Multiple Variables, at Various Levels 測(cè)試不同級(jí)別上的綜合變量(High/Low)高 /低Answers:What’s the Best Combination of ALL Variables (X) to give the Best Output (Y)所有變理的最結(jié)合是什么來(lái)給予最佳的輸出Full FactorialMultiple Variables 完整階乘綜合變量Answers:Same as Above But . ..Less Information。Generates/DeterminesCTQs, Specs, Measurements,Actions CTQ, 規(guī)格,測(cè)量,方案SPCOutlines: 概要:Parameters of Operations, Responsibilities, Actions, Measurements, etc. 運(yùn)作的參數(shù),責(zé)任,方案,測(cè)量,等。 Actions toPrevent Failures, ResourcesNeeded OnHand 控器 ﹔ 防止失敗的方案,根源,手頭需求PreventiveMaintenancePlanSpare Parts。 Predictions of Change Affects變更的程序 ﹔ 變更影響的預(yù)告Cost to Controlvs CTQ Attainment Benefits Achieved Checks:檢驗(yàn):Project Controls Appropriate for Achieving CTQs and Benefits 項(xiàng)目控制適于完成 CTQ及利益Cost Review 成本審查Sustained Process Will Meet Customers Expectations 不變的程序?qū)?huì)與顧客所期望的相符All Agree and Commit to theControl Strategy as the Meansof sustaining the Defect Reductions 所有同意及提交的控制策略做為支持缺點(diǎn)的手段ControlReDesign重新設(shè)計(jì)Functional Team SignOffCelebrate! 功能 team結(jié)束&恭喜! YesNoDFSSSix Sigma RoadMap 8 Control DFSS 50ReviewThe Right support支持187。 COPQ187。 Powerful sequence強(qiáng)有力的序列187。 If we cannot express what we know in the form of numbers, we really don’t know much about it 如果我們不能表達(dá)出在表格的形式, 那么我們真的對(duì)此了解得不多 222。2. CTQCritical to Quality Characteristic a characteristic of a product, service or information which is important to the customer. CTQs must be measurable in either a ‘continuous scale’ manner (. , etc.) or descriptive manner (correct/incorrect, etc.) 關(guān)鍵的品質(zhì)特征 產(chǎn)品,服務(wù)或信息的特征對(duì)于顧客而