【正文】
ial allies ? Who are opinion leaders ? Who will show resistance ? Who can be a leader 169。 MSM 2023 Responses to change squeezed Topmanagement Middle management Working floor/ employees resistant isolated 169。 MSM 2023 Types of Change ?Improvement ?Innovation ?Transformation 169。 MSM 2023 WTO and China 169。 MSM 2023 Program (2) 9. Dynamics of Change 10. Interventions 11. Implementation 12. Resistance and how to handle it 13. Role and position of Change agents 14. Case presentations 15. Integration 169。169。 MSM 2023 Basics of Change ?What is change? ?Different ways of conducting change ?Context of anizational change ?Responses to Change 169。 MSM 2023 Consequences ? ?Advantages ?Disadvantages ?Threats ?Opportunities ?Time scope ?PETSdimensions 169。 MSM 2023 Two ways of changing ?Imposed Change ? Easy ? Quick ? Short term ? Resistance ? ?Evoked Change ? Complex ? Long term ? Commitment ? Sustaining ? 169。 MSM 2023 Core principles (1) (How to make it work) 1. Use Goal orientation There must be Clarity about: ? problem situation ? Goals ? Criteria for success ? Organization ? Planning ? Control 2. Make a Good diagnosis ? Seek information ? Summarize ? Analyze ? Feedback 169。 MSM 2023 Phases of a Change Program Step 0: determine internal and external pressure/demands for change Step 1: Make up diagnosis Step 3: Determine vision and strategy Step 4: Action Planning: design and develop the Change Program Step 5: Structure the Change Process Step 6: Determine Change dynamics Step 7: Determine Change Strategies and Methods Step 8: Implement Step 9: Evaluate and Adjust/Correct 169。 MSM 2023 Diagnostic Instruments ?7 S model ? Organization Matrix model ? Management Effectiveness Analysis ?Etc. …. 169。 MSM 2023 ?Box 2: Internal Structure (Tasks authorities) ? Organigram ? Task / project descriptions ? Need for information ? Procedures ? etc. 169。 MSM 2023 ?Box 6: Autonomy ? Room for action ? Personal perspective ? Status ? Individual interests ? etc. 169。 MSM 2023 Management Effectiveness Analysis ? Measures behavior + effectiveness ? Scientific approach ? Questionnaire (111 items) ? 21 behavioural sets ? Situation dependent ? Strategic + Feedback profiles ? Individual + group analyses 169。 MSM 2023 Change Competence Infrastructure Strategic Component Organizational Success Institutional Component Human Resources Component Change Policy Change Capacity Leading Potential Speed Willingness Infrastructure of Change Competence Source: Cozijnsen Vrakking, 1995 169。 MSM 2023 Rollout change 1. Preparation 2. Planning 3. Transition structures 4. Implementation 1. (= rollingout) 5. Reward 169。 Security 174。 Sense of direction 174。 MSM 2023 Phases of Transition From Danger to Opportunity 1. Denial 3. Exploration 1. 2. Resistance 4. Commitment 169。 MSM 2023 How to handle these reactions? (1) 1. Denial ? make people aware 187。 Let early adaptors take initiative 3. Hustle ? Be clear and make people accountable