【正文】 達(dá) %。s population which are mainly Tujia, Miaobased. The city39。 地方各級(jí)政府也十分重視 ， 積極開展實(shí)踐探索 ， 處于中國西部的重慶市就是其中的一例 。 一 、 可持續(xù)發(fā)展的內(nèi)涵及在當(dāng)前中國發(fā)展階段的重要性 I. The Connotation of Sustainable Development and Its Importance in China39。s energy consumption. Low level of technology, funds deficiency, the extensive use of resources, and waste phenomenon are serious problems, which also caused the resources and environmental issues more seriously. 中國 ， 面臨著能源與資源的巨大挑戰(zhàn) ， 可持續(xù)發(fā)展成為基本發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 。不能只求眼前利益而損害長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)，必須將近期效益與長(zhǎng)期效益兼顧 ——可持續(xù)發(fā)展要遵循創(chuàng)新原則。 可持續(xù)發(fā)展是一個(gè)涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、文化技術(shù)及自然環(huán)境等的綜合性概念，其內(nèi)涵主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面： ——可持續(xù)發(fā)展并不否定經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，尤其是發(fā)展中國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，但必須將生產(chǎn)方式從粗放型轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧s型，研究并解決經(jīng)濟(jì)上的扭曲和誤區(qū) ——可持續(xù)發(fā)展要以自然資源為前提，同資源環(huán)境承載能力相協(xié)調(diào)。全球可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念的提出，經(jīng)歷了三次里程碑： 1972年第一次聯(lián)合國人類環(huán)境大會(huì)，通過了 《 人類環(huán)境宣言 》 ，提出“人類只有一個(gè)地球”的理念； 1987年在 《 我們共同的未來 》 中提出了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念；1992年聯(lián)合國 《 21世紀(jì)議程 》 使可持續(xù)發(fā)展成為全球發(fā)展的主題。s western region vigorously promotes the practice of sustainable development in regional management: By coordinating urban and rural development and implementing one circle and two wings of a regional development strategy, it has promoted and changed the mode of economic growth, and has lasted ecological environmental protection and sustainable construction. Through the scientific planning and development of three Ges reservoir area, the city has been actively seeking greater regional cooperation to develop their ability and environment management capacity. 內(nèi)容 提要 一 、 可持續(xù)發(fā)展的內(nèi)涵及在當(dāng)前中國發(fā)展階段的重要性 I. The Connotation of Sustainable Development and Its Importance in China39。Regional management of sustainable development – take Chongqing as an example 區(qū)域管理中的可持續(xù)發(fā)展問題 ——以重慶為例 By Yi Xiaoguang President, Research Fellow of Comprehensive Economic Research Institute, Chongqing Development and Reform Commission 易小光 重慶市綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)研究院 院長(zhǎng) 研究員 ? 可持續(xù)發(fā)展已作為當(dāng)今中國發(fā)展的基本戰(zhàn)略之一 。s Current Development Stage The evolutionary process of environment and development issues are the background of sustainable development proposed. ? The advance of global sustainable development concept has undergone three milestones: In 1972, the first United Nations Conference on the Human Environment adopted the Declaration on Human Environment and proposed the human have only one Earth concept。 一 、 可持續(xù)發(fā)展的內(nèi)涵及在當(dāng)前中國發(fā)展階段的重要性 I. The Connotation of Sustainable Development and Its Importance in China39。要力求降低自然資產(chǎn)的耗竭速率，使之低于資源的再生速率或替代品的開發(fā)速率 一 、 可持續(xù)發(fā)展的內(nèi)涵及在當(dāng)前中國發(fā)展階段的重要性 I. The Connotation of Sustainable Development and Its Importance in China39。利用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和制度創(chuàng)新，為可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供必要的技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)條件 ——可持續(xù)發(fā)展以提高生活質(zhì)量為目標(biāo)，同社會(huì)進(jìn)步相適應(yīng)，其最終目的是實(shí)現(xiàn)人的全面發(fā)展 一 、 可持續(xù)發(fā)展的內(nèi)涵及在當(dāng)前中國發(fā)展階段的重要性 I. The Connotation of Sustainable Development and Its Importance in China39。 中國是最大的發(fā)展中國家 ， 但資源有限 ， 人口眾多 ， 人均資源占有量遠(yuǎn)低于世界平均水平 ， 人均耕地僅相當(dāng)于世界人均水平的 42%， 淡水資源相當(dāng)于世界人均水平的 27%， 森林資源相當(dāng)于世界人均水平的20%， 煤 、 石油 、 天然氣人均占有量分別相當(dāng)于世界人均占有量的 56%、 15%、 10%。s Current Development Stage Chinese government attaches great importance to the study and implementation of sustainable development. ? in 1992, after Brazil conference, our country actively fulfills the General Assembly39。 二 、 重慶市在區(qū)域管理中推進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的實(shí)踐 II. Chongqing promotes the practice of sustainable development in eegional management. (1) Basic Conditions of Chongqing Municipality ? Chongqing is the fourth municipality in China, it is located at the conjunction of eastern and western China and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt core area, with eastern province of Hubei and Hunan, southern of Guizhou, west of Sichuan and north of Shanxi as neighbors, it is the largescale development of China39。s resident population is million and the urban population is million, and the rate of urbanization is up to percent. （一）重慶市的基本市情 重慶是中國第四個(gè)直轄市，地處中國東西結(jié)合部、長(zhǎng)江上游經(jīng)濟(jì)帶核心地區(qū)，地界東臨湖北、湖南，南接貴州，西靠四川，北連陜西，是我國實(shí)行西部大開發(fā)的重點(diǎn)開發(fā)地區(qū)。 二 、 重慶市在區(qū)域管理中推進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的實(shí)踐 II. Chongqing promotes the practice of sustainable development in eegional management. 二 、 重慶市在區(qū)域管理中推進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的實(shí)踐 1 . Chongqing is China39。 Engel39。s urban and rural ines were respectively 189 Yuan and 713 Yuan lower than the national average level, and the ine gap between urban and rural residents reached :1, which was far higher than the national level of :1。s, and the “an hour economic circle” has became a business city and economic center of the second and tertiary industries, particularly in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Southwest. In the Northeast and Southeast regions of Chongqing, the proportion of primary industry was still very high, the condition of which was still in the early stages of industrialization. the area and resident population of “an hour economic circle” accounted for respectively 65% and 40% of entire city’s , but its GDP accounted for only 22% of the city39。 重慶東北部和東南部地區(qū) ， 第一產(chǎn)業(yè)比重仍然很大 ， 處于工業(yè)化初期階段的落后狀態(tài) ， 地域和常住人口分別占全市 65%和 40%， 但 GDP僅占全市的 22%， 工業(yè)增加值約占全市 GDP的 %， 呈現(xiàn)出東西部地區(qū)發(fā)展極不平衡 ， 形成兩種不同的經(jīng)濟(jì)單元和經(jīng)濟(jì)特點(diǎn) 。三峽庫區(qū)重慶境內(nèi)面積為 ， 占三峽庫區(qū)總面積 80%， 人口約 1779萬 ， 人口密度為全國平均水平的 3倍 ， 這一地區(qū)自身環(huán)境容量有限 ， 是生態(tài)脆弱區(qū) ， 加之大量移民安置遷建 ，很可能加劇水土流失 、 土地退化 、 自然災(zāi)害等 。Second, we should build public financial system to increase the transfer of rural financial strength, and the 70% of additional financial resources will be used for supporting the development of districts and counties。 “ 一圈兩翼 ” 是重慶遵循國家四類主體功能區(qū)劃和具體市情在相關(guān)發(fā)展理論指導(dǎo)下作出的區(qū)域發(fā)展功能劃分 。 Secondly, from the promotion of the function of the city and the highly development of the industries in the “one circle”, to strengthen the carrying capacity of some main developing regions of the city, in order to bear the population metastasis from the “two wings”, to shift the rural citizens to bee urban ones, to make the largescaled management in rural area be benefited from it, to develop the modern agriculture, to promote the farmer’s ine level。 —— 調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu) ， 改造提升傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè) ， 增加產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展中的科技含量 ， 改變以往粗放經(jīng)營中存在的 “ 高投入 、 高消耗 、 高排放 ” 的