【正文】
+ be 的不定式結(jié)構(gòu),作補(bǔ)語的動詞 Acknowledge,believe,consider,think,declare(聲稱),discover,fancy(設(shè)想),feel,find,guess,judge,imagine,know, prove,see(理解),show,suppose,take(以為),understand 例句: a. We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. 我們認(rèn)為湯姆是班上最好的學(xué)生之一。find后也可帶一個從句。 ?。ㄗ⒁猓阂蓡栐~帶不定式在句中作成分時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 3)動詞+疑問詞+ 不定式 decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell 例句: a. Please show us how to do that. 請演示給我們?nèi)绾稳プ觥? 2)動詞+賓語+不定式 ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… 例句: a. I like to keep everything clean. 我喜歡每件東西都保持整潔。 He seems to be eating 。 I39。 He seems to know 。動詞不定式在語法功能上可作主語 、賓語、表語、定語和狀語。不定式的定義 在語法中,[1]是動詞的一種不帶詞形變化從而不指示人稱、數(shù)量、時態(tài)的形式。 動詞不定式的構(gòu)成與形式 動詞不定式可以作以上各種成分,但它畢竟是動詞,所以有動詞的屬性。 I hope to see you again. = I hope that I39。m sorry to have given you so much trouble. 很抱歉給你添了這么多麻煩。 4) 完成進(jìn)行式: She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many 。 b. I like you to keep everything clean. 我喜歡你能使每件東西都保持整潔。 b. There are so many kinds of taperecorders on sale that I can39。) 二、作補(bǔ)語 1) 動詞+賓語+不定式(to do) advise,allow,appoint,believe,cause,challenge,mand,pel,consider,declare,drive,enable,encourage,find,forbid,force,guess,hire,imagine,impel,induce,inform,instruct,invite,judge,know,like,order,permit,persuade,remind,report,request,require,select,send,state,suppose,tell,think,train,trust,understand,urge,warn… 例句: a. Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父親不讓我們在街上玩耍。此類動詞還有g(shù)et,have。 典型例題 Charles Babbage is generally considered __ the first puter. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 答案:A. 由consider to dosth. 排除B、D。 4) there be+不定式 believe,expect,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,want,wish,undrstand 例句: a. We didn39。 三、作主語 easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,fortable,necessary,better。 b. It39。 d. It was silly of us to believe him. 我們真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。 3) 當(dāng)不定式作主語的句子中又有一個不定式作表語時,不能用It is… to…的句型 (對)To see is to believe. 百聞不如一見。當(dāng)主語是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等為中心詞的名詞詞組 (例②)時,或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性分句 (例③),不定 式說明主語的內(nèi)容。 2)作結(jié)果狀語,表事先沒有預(yù)料到的,要放在句子后面。 不定式的特殊句型 so as to 1) 表示目的;它的否定式是so as not to do。 Why not +動詞原形表達(dá)向某人提出建議 為什么不……? 干嗎不……? 例如: Why not take a holiday? 干嗎不去度假? It39。 2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。如果道理上通順用of,不通則用for。 Can I help you ? 需要我?guī)兔? Well, I39。 2) 如在too前有否定詞,則整個句子用否定詞表達(dá)肯定, too 后那個詞表達(dá)一種委婉含義,意 為不太。 I39。 3)動名詞與不定式語義不同的有11 組: 1 stop to do stop doing 2 forget to do forget doing 3 remember to do remember doing 4 regret to do regret doing 5 cease to do cease doing 6 try to do try doing 7 go on to do go on doing 8 afraid to do afraid doing 9 interested to do interested doing 10 mean to do mean doing 11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing 1 forget doing/to do forget to do 忘記要去做某事?!? 已做過關(guān)燈的動作) Don39。此處不符合題意。 I must stop smoking.. 我