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動(dòng)詞不定式用法經(jīng)典例句總結(jié)-wenkub

2023-07-01 03:58:22 本頁面
 

【正文】 分,均可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的從句形式。I39。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有時(shí)兩種形式表達(dá)的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)形式1) 現(xiàn)在式:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示的動(dòng)詞,有時(shí)與謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,有時(shí)發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后。當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)起者(或之一)時(shí),稱為主動(dòng)語態(tài);如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者,不定式一般要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。如:It39。一般為:動(dòng)詞+ to do sthHe seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I39。m sorry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to have caught a cold.3)進(jìn)行式:表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,與謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。如:①When we shall leave…③…h(huán)ow Icould learn……經(jīng)常在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中使用的動(dòng)詞有:consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。To lean out of the window is 。s our duty to take good care of the 。④It seems(appears)+形容詞+to doIt seemed impossible to save money.在句型③中,常用表示客觀情況的形容詞,如:difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等 表示贊揚(yáng)或批評(píng)的詞。He will find it is hard to make 。s easy (for me) to do easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, fortable, necessary, better。s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use ,鎖車是有必要的。It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不給他們?nèi)魏螙|西,這顯得太自私了。(付得起),agree(同意),aim(力求做到),appear(顯得),arrange(安排),ask(要求),attempt (試圖),care(想要),choose(決定),claim(聲稱),condescend(屈尊),consent(準(zhǔn)許),decide(決定),demand(要求),determine(決心),endeavor(竭力),expect(期待),fail(未履行),help(幫助),hesitate(猶豫),hope(希望),learn(學(xué)會(huì)),manage(設(shè)法),neglect(疏忽),offer(主動(dòng)提出),plan(計(jì)劃),prepare(準(zhǔn)備),pretend(假裝),proceed(接著做),promise(答應(yīng)),prove(證明),refuse(拒絕),resolve(解決),seem(覺得好像),swear(發(fā)誓),tend(往往會(huì)),threaten(預(yù)示),undertake(承諾),volunteer(自愿做),vow(發(fā)誓),want(想要),wish(希望)舉例:The driver failed to see the other car in time.司機(jī)沒能及時(shí)看見另一輛車。There are so many kinds of taperecorders on sale that I can39。3)當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式時(shí),先用形式賓語it代替不定式,把不定式置于補(bǔ)語之后,即:主語+動(dòng)詞+it+補(bǔ)語+to do句式。常見動(dòng)詞:Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(聲稱), discover, fancy(設(shè)想), feel, find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以為), understandWe consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我們認(rèn)為湯姆是班上最好的學(xué)生之一。有些動(dòng)詞需用as 短語做補(bǔ)語,如regard,think believe,take,consider.We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我們認(rèn)為湯姆是我們最好的老師。動(dòng)詞let屬例外,其賓補(bǔ)/主補(bǔ)“to”均無。find后也可帶一個(gè)從句。當(dāng)主語是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等為中心詞的名詞詞組(例②)時(shí),或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性分句(例③),不定 式說明主語的內(nèi)容。(2)作結(jié)果狀語,表事先沒有預(yù)料到的,要放在句子后面。作定語⒈不定式作定語不定式在句中作定語,置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。(4)不定式作定語時(shí),一般可轉(zhuǎn)換為定語從句,例①to arrive=that will arrive。注意:在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中則to 不能省掉。(10)but作介詞,后接不定式結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),前面謂語動(dòng)詞部分若含有do的形式時(shí),but后的不定式要省去to,否則要帶to。We39。Go in quietly so as not to wake the ,別驚醒了嬰兒。s of sb.(1)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特點(diǎn),表示客觀形式的形容詞,如easy,hard,difficult, interesting,impossible等:It39。s very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我,你真是太好了。He is hard. (人是困難的,不通,因此應(yīng)用for。這箱子太重,恐怕你搬不動(dòng)。s never too late to mend. (諺語)改過不嫌晚。He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。如:Our teachers don39。如:Don39。(沒有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作)He forgot turning the light 。Don39。I don39。That department has ceased to exist 。You must try to be more 。go on doing 繼續(xù)做原來做的事。She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.她生怕被蛇咬著,而不敢在草叢中再走一步。interested in doing 對(duì)某種想法感興趣,doing 通常為想法。你想過這事嗎? (一種想法)mean doing/to domean to do 打算、想mean doing 意味著I mean to go,but my father would not allow me ,但是我父親不肯讓我去。(3) 在attempt,intend,begin,start 后接know,understand,realize這類動(dòng)詞時(shí),常用不定式todo。m sorry to have kept you waiting.We are too young to have seen the old society.③進(jìn)行式::The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when I came in.They seemed to be discussing something important.(2)語態(tài)如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者,不定式一般要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式,如:It39。d love to.③Don39。ll try.另外,be going to,ought to,used to等也常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)中。用法①用于助動(dòng)詞之后He must be ing by 。③hope 和promise之后,或agree,arrange,decide,determine/be determined,plan,undertake之后,但用于hope和promise后更常見:I hope/hoped to be earning my living in a year39。It remain
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